Bycatch of wintering common and red-throated loons in gillnets off the USA Atlantic coast, 1996–2007

Warden, Melissa L.

doi:10.3354/ab00273

Cited by 18 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Seabird bycatch in the Northwest Atlantic has long been thought to occur mostly in gillnets (Benjamins, Kulka, & Lawson, 2008;Ellis et al, 2013;Forsell, 1999;Moore et al, 2009;Piatt & Nettleship, 1987;Soczek, 2006;Warden, 2010), a finding that is further corroborated by the results presented here (Table 4b). Estimated seabird-fishery interactions involving gillnets were an order of magnitude higher than any other gear type considered (Table 4b), representing~84% of the total estimate.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…While the analysis presented here also assumes that there is a 100% chance of overlap, similar to that of Warden (2010), the scope of commercial fishing effort (i.e. spatial and temporal extent) is smaller to better accommodate the overlap assumption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The estimator presented here attempts to account for inter-and intra-annual variability, as well as spatial and opertional considerations in estimating interaction rates for seabirds. More refined assessments should be conducted in the future, in a similar vein to that produced by Warden (2010) or Hatch et al (2016), in an attempt to identify factors that could be used to define appropriate mitigation measures (Bull, 2007). The hierarchical structure of the estimator allowed for partial pooling benefits (Gelman & Hill, 2007), as strata with more data can help inform those that are data deficient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While an immediate threat to seabirds is fisheries-related bycatch (Croxall et al, 2012), relatively few studies have tried to quantify the full magnitude of the problem at a regional level (Ellis et al, 2013;Forsell, 1999;Soczek, 2006;Warden, 2010). Quantifying seabirdfishery interactions for the US Northeast and mid-Atlantic is difficult and often complicated by high variability in interaction rates over space and time (Carretta & Moore, 2014).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bycatch rates were then modelled as a function of environmental, gear, and time/area factors(Warden, 2010), with bycatch-rate estimates being applied to every commercial fishing trip within the winter season. Bycatch rates were then modelled as a function of environmental, gear, and time/area factors(Warden, 2010), with bycatch-rate estimates being applied to every commercial fishing trip within the winter season.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comprehensive estimates of seabird–fishery interactions for the US Northeast and mid‐Atlantic

Hatch

2017

Aquatic Conservation

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1. Relatively little is known about seabird-fishery interactions (i.e. bycatch) for the U.S. Northeast and mid-Atlantic, despite concerted efforts to document observed interactions since 1989.2. Fisheries observer data were used to estimate seabird-fishery interactions for 10 species and six gear types that operated within the US Northeast and mid-Atlantic from 1996 to 2014.3. Hierarchical Bayes estimation was used and accounted for temporal, spatial, and operational considerations inherent in the data through post-stratification. 4. Over the 19-year study period, 48 821 (coefficient of variation [CV] = 0.03) seabirds were estimated to have interacted with commercial fishing gear, resulting in an average of 2570 interactions per year. 5. Trends in estimated interactions were explored using the marginal posterior distributions, with the majority of interactions pertaining to gillnets and shearwaters/fulmars. 6. Comparison with previous work highlighted the need for consistency in data preparation, making it easier to compare relative trends in seabird bycatch estimates for the region.7. Future assessments should focus on providing context for the interaction estimates, so that population-level impacts can be inferred and the necessary conservation measures enacted.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comprehensive estimates of seabird–fishery interactions for the US Northeast and mid‐Atlantic

Hatch

2017

Aquatic Conservation

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Calculating reference points for anthropogenic mortality of marine turtles

Curtis

Moore

2013

Aquatic Conservation

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ABSTRACT1. Human-caused mortality threatens many marine turtle populations worldwide, with fisheries interactions being a primary cause for population declines. National and international management of fisheries interactions with marine turtles are rarely tied to turtle population biology. Quantitative tools tied to population-based objectives can provide insight into the effectiveness and urgency of bycatch mitigation.2. A management approach is proposed based on a bycatch control rule called Reproductive Value Loss Limit (RVLL), generalized from the Potential Biological Removal management model for marine mammal populations. For RVLL, population size is scaled by reproductive value to account for strongly age-structured population dynamics and age-dependent fisheries mortality rates in marine turtle populations.3. RVLL is an estimate of maximum sustainable mortality for a population, calculated from estimates of maximum population growth rate, total reproductive value in the population, and an uncertainty factor. RVLL estimates correspond to specified management goals and risk tolerances. For demonstration, simultaneous goals of maintaining populations above the maximum net productivity level (analogous to the population size that produces maximum sustainable yield) and preventing a decrease in adults are assumed, both with 95% probability. A management-strategy-evaluation-like process was used to explore parameterization of the RVLL equation for robust performance over a range of plausible life history characteristics and uncertainties in abundance and bycatch mortality estimates for marine turtle populations.4. The RVLL-based management approach presented here proved robust to several important sources of uncertainty and to violation of several key underlying assumptions, and can be adapted to account for important sources of bias. The architecture presented, including tailored management strategy evaluation, provides a useful basis for further development of reference-point-based management of human-added mortality in populations that experience large changes with age in reproductive value and human-caused mortality rates, as is the case for marine turtles.

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Bycatch of Loons Assessed in Coastal Arctic Char Fisheries in the Canadian Arctic

Robertson

Keegan

Pollet

et al. 2022

N American J Fish Manag

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Bycatch in fisheries remains one of the biggest conservation threats to seabirds globally, but there has been limited attention given to bycatch in the Arctic. Here, we worked with Inuit commercial fishers in the Cambridge Bay region of Nunavut to record bycatch of birds as part of a fish bycatch reporting initiative, in weir and gill‐net fisheries that target anadromous Arctic Char Salvelinus alpinus. Weir fisheries, and one of the gill‐net fisheries (executed in freshwater), had no bird bycatch, but 291 loons (family Gavidae) were captured over 5 years in one estuarine–marine fishery, yielding an exceptionally high bycatch rate of 15.7 birds/1,000 net‐meter‐days. One of the species caught, the yellow‐billed loon Gavia adamsii, is considered near threatened, but data on the population status of this species is insufficient to determine whether bycatch forms a significant threat. Nonetheless, deterrence efforts or other conservation options are needed in estuarine gill‐net fisheries to reduce bird bycatch.

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Bycatch of wintering common and red-throated loons in gillnets off the USA Atlantic coast, 1996–2007

Cited by 18 publications

References 32 publications

Comprehensive estimates of seabird–fishery interactions for the US Northeast and mid‐Atlantic

Comprehensive estimates of seabird–fishery interactions for the US Northeast and mid‐Atlantic

Calculating reference points for anthropogenic mortality of marine turtles

Bycatch of Loons Assessed in Coastal Arctic Char Fisheries in the Canadian Arctic

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