“…Researchers have also investigated factors such as the impact of the bystander's mood, sense of responsibility including nature of relationship to the person in need of help, locus of control, or esteem-orientation~see Dozier &Miceli, 1985 andMyers, 1999 for reviews;Huston, Ruggiero, Conner, & Geis, 1981;Michelini, Wilson, & Messe, 1975;Tice & Baumeister, 1985;Yee & Greenberg, 1998;Wispe, 1980!. Finally, some research suggests that skill level of bystanders is also important, with active bystanders more likely to have had previous training in emergency intervention or a strong sense of their own physical strength~e.g., Huston et al, 1981!. Bystander Education • Yet another group of studies focuses in more detail on the decision-making process for bystanders. This process includes consideration of the potential costs to bystanders of intervening or of not intervening, and the complex decision-making process that individuals may use when trying to decide what they will do~e.g., Dozier & Miceli, 1985;Fritzsche, Finkelstein, & Penner, 2000;Shaleff & Shichor, 1980!.…”