C-Peptide-Based Index Is More Related to Incident Type 2 Diabetes in Non-Diabetic Subjects than Insulin-Based Index

Abstract

BackgroundDiabetes can be efficiently prevented by life style modification and medical therapy. So, identification for high risk subjects for incident type 2 diabetes is important. The aim of this study is to identify the best β-cell function index to identify high risk subjects in non-diabetic Koreans.MethodsThis is a retrospective longitudinal study. Total 140 non-diabetic subjects who underwent standard 2-hour 75 g oral glucose tolerance test from January 2007 to February 2007 at Kangbuk Samsung Hospital and followed up for more than 1 year were analyzed (mean follow-up, 54.9±16.4 months). The subjects were consist of subjects with normal glucose tolerance (n=44) and subjects with prediabetes (n=97) who were 20 years of age or older. Samples for insulin and C-peptide levels were obtained at 0 and 30 minutes at baseline.ResultsThirty subjects out of 140 subjects (21.4%) developed type 2 diabetes. When insulin-based index and C-peptide-based index are compared between progressor and non-progressor to diabetes, all C-peptide-based indices were statistically different between two groups, but only insulinogenic index and disposition index among insulin-based index were statistically different. C-peptide-based index had higher value of area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AROC) value than that of insulin-based index. "C-peptidogenic" index had highest AROC value among indices (AROC, 0.850; 95% confidence interval, 0.761 to 0.915). C-peptidogenic index had significantly higher AROC than insulinogenic index (0.850 vs. 0.731 respectively; P=0.014).ConclusionC-peptide-based index was more closely related to incident type 2 diabetes in non-diabetic subjects than insulin-based index.

Effectiveness of Eriomin® in managing hyperglycemia and reversal of prediabetes condition: A double‐blind, randomized, controlled study

“…Previous studies showed citrus flavonoids positively regulate adiponectin transcription in adipocytes and increase their levels in patients with myocardial infarction (Haidari et al, ; Liu et al, ). These data corroborate with our findings, where supplementation with Eriomin increased serum adiponectin levels by 18% and reduced the concentration of C‐peptide by 5%, an important marker of beta cell function that allows differentiation between the prognosis of type 1 and type 2 diabetes (Kim et al, ).…”

May C-peptide index be a new marker to predict proteinuria in anemic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus?

“…CPI is more accurate predictive beta cell function than C-peptide measurements (Kim et al 2016). Furthermore, if significant hyperglycemia persists, C-peptide levels may also be found to be lower than normal due to glucose toxicity (Jones and Hattersley 2013).…”

Cross sectional study of microalbuminuria, C-peptide and fundal changes in pre-diabetics

“…That study concluded that elevated c-peptide was one of the important risk factor for diabetes. 9 Study done by Thazin et al in Myanmar quoted that increased fasting c-peptide was significantly associated with prediabetes. 13 Though microalbuminuria and elevated c-peptide were prevalent in our study population, none of the study participants had fundus retinopathic changes.…”

“…8 There were some reports that C-peptide-based indices were better indices than insulin based indices for the evaluation of pathophysiology of diabetes. 9 According to National Kidney Foundation, microalbuminuria defined as "urine albumin excretion rate of approximately 30-300 mg/dl in at least two of three consecutive samples of non-ketotic sterile urine.…”