Increasing evidence suggests that the novel anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving mediators such as the resolvins play an important role during inflammation. However, the functions of these lipid mediators in immune complex (IC)-induced lung injury remain unknown. Here, we determined the role of aspirin-triggered resolvin D1 (AT-RvD1) and its metabolically stable analogue, 17R-hydroxy-19-para-fluorophenoxy-resolvin D1 methyl ester (p-RvD1), in IgG IC-induced inflammatory responses in myeloid cells and injury in the lung. We show that lung vascular permeability in the AT-RvD1- or p-RvD1-treated mice were significantly reduced when compared with values in mice receiving control vesicle during the injury. Furthermore, i.v. administration of either AT-RvD1 or p-RvD1 caused significant decreases in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) contents of neutrophils, inflammatory cytokines, and chemokines. Of interest, AT-RvD1 or p-RvD1 significantly reduced BALF complement C5a level. By Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay, we demonstrate that IgG IC-induced activation of NF-κB and C/EBPβ transcription factors in the lung were significantly inhibited by AT-RvD1 and p-RvD1. Moreover, AT-RvD1 dramatically mitigates IgG IC-induced NF-κB and C/EBP activity in alveolar macrophages. Also, secretion of TNF-α, IL-6, KC, and MIP-1α from IgG IC-stimulated alveolar macrophages or neutrophils was significantly decreased by AT-RvD1. These results suggest a new approach to the blocking of IC-induced inflammation.