Cache Coherence Protocols in Distributed Systems

Zebari

et al. 2021

AJRCoS

Physical layer protection, which protects data confidentiality using information-theoretic methods, has recently attracted a lot of research attention. Using the inherent randomness of the transmission channel to ensure protection in the physical layer is the core concept behind physical layer security. In 5G wireless communication, new challenges have arisen in terms of physical layer security. This paper introduces the most recent survey on various 5G technologies, including millimeter-Wave, massive multi-input multiple outputs, microcells, beamforming, full-duplex technology, etc. The mentioned technologies have been used to solve this technology, such as attenuation, millimeter-Wave penetration, antenna array architecture, security, coverage, scalability, etc. Besides, the author has used descriptions of the techniques/algorithms, goals, problems, and meaningful outcomes, and the results obtained related to this approach were demonstrated.

Section: Information and Communication Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Survey of 5G mm-Wave Technology Design Challenges

Jijo

Zebari

et al. 2021

AJRCoS

“…Cloud computing, together with IoT, is a groundbreaking platform for online data management devices. By implementing parallel computation, cloud computing falls in as a remedy [20]. Parallel computing helps a remote processor systematically transform functions into subroutines [21]-figure 1 shown a cloud-based IoT network and certain of its established functionality.…”

Section: A Cloud Computingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Moving from Cloud Computing to Fog Computing

Abdulqadir

Shukur

et al. 2021

QAJ

The exponential growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology poses various challenges to the classic centralized cloud computing paradigm, including high latency, limited capacity, and network failure. Cloud computing and Fog computing carry the cloud closer to IoT computers in order to overcome these problems. Cloud and Fog provide IoT processing and storage of IoT items locally instead of sending them to the cloud. Cloud and Fog provide quicker reactions and better efficiency in conjunction with the cloud. Cloud and fog computing should also be viewed as the safest approach to ensure that IoT delivers reliable and stable resources to multiple IoT customers. This article discusses the latest in cloud and Fog computing and their convergence with IoT by stressing deployment's advantages and complexities. It also concentrates on cloud and Fog design and new IoT technologies, enhanced by utilizing the cloud and Fog model. Finally, transparent topics are addressed, along with potential testing recommendations for cloud storage and Fog computing, and IoT.

“…Because of this connectivity, device developers, as opposed to using the protocols required for conventional networking, can explicitly program the network [9,20]. Conventional networks are used to mount all data planes and control aircraft in one physical unit and then to share their capacity, increase the traffic load and the burden on the CPU and memory in two processes [21][22][23]. Detachments of control planes and data planes in SDN can be easily monitored and managed by the controller and network to take the right ride decisions and thus enable the network to better configure with a less traffic load, by separating these processes and having a dedicated server [9,24].…”

Section: Vs Sdnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Software Defined Networking with Traditional Networking

Haji

Saeed

et al. 2021

AJRCoS

The Internet has caused the advent of a digital society; wherein almost everything is connected and available from any place. Thus, regardless of their extensive adoption, traditional IP networks are yet complicated and arduous to operate. Therefore, there is difficulty in configuring the network in line with the predefined procedures and responding to the load modifications and faults through network reconfiguring. The current networks are likewise vertically incorporated to make matters far more complicated: the control and data planes are bundled collectively. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is an emerging concept which aims to change this situation by breaking vertical incorporation, promoting the logical centralization of the network control, separating the network control logic from the basic switches and routers, and enabling the network programming. The segregation of concerns identified between the policies concept of network, their implementation in hardware switching and data forwarding is essential to the flexibility required: SDN makes it less complicated and facilitates to make and introduce new concepts in networking through breaking the issue of the network control into tractable parts, simplifies the network management and facilitate the development of the network. In this paper, the SDN is reviewed; it introduces SDN, explaining its core concepts, how it varies from traditional networking, and its architecture principles. Furthermore, we presented the crucial advantages and challenges of SDN, focusing on scalability, security, flexibility, and performance. Finally, a brief conclusion of SDN is revised.