This study deals with the problems connected with the benefits and costs of an offshore wind power plant in terms of ecology. Development prospects of offshore and land-based wind energy production are described. Selected aspects involved in the design, construction, and operation of offshore wind power plant construction and operation are presented. The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the environmental impact of offshore and land-based wind power plants.Life cycle assessment analysis of 2-MW offshore and land wind power plants was made with the use of Eco-indicator 99 modeling. The results were compared in four areas of impact in order to obtain values of indexes for nonergonomic (impact on/by operator), nonfunctional (of/on the product), nonecological (on/by living objects), and nonsozological impacts (on/by manmade objects), reflecting the extent of threat to human health, the environment, and natural resources. The processes involved in extraction of fossil fuels were found to produce harmful emissions which in turn lead to respiratory system diseases being, thus, extremely dangerous for the natural environment. For all the studied areas, the impact on the environment was found to be higher for land-based wind power plants than for an offshore wind farm.A typical wind farm consists of nearly 8000 different elements, whereas, the most important ones are: rotor with blades, gondola, tower and a foundation. Figure 1 shows the technological environment of an offshore wind farm with the most commonly used types of foundations. Monopile is the most popular type of foundation (74% of European offshore installations) due to the low construction costs, simplicity, and the possibility of being used in shallow water (less than 20 m deep). The post is drilled or pounded into the sea bottom. In the beginning, a GBS (gravity-based structure) was used in shallow water (up to 15 m deep); currently it is being adjusted to bigger and bigger depths (nearly 30 m). A large area and the weight of the foundation protect the power plant from the forces of waves and wind. The foundation of bases of the tripod and triple type are fixed on three posts so that they can be used in deeper water. Three ends of the base are set or pounded into the sea bottom to support the central axis of the installation, connecting the axis with a turbine. Whereas the foundation of jacket type consists of a larger structure made of steel bars which are symmetrically sited beyond the main axis of the entire structure (efficiency of materials) [2,7,8].