Cadmium and lead exposure and risk of cataract surgery in U.S. adults

Wang, Weiye; Schaumberg, Debra A.; Park, Sung Kyun

doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2016.07.012

Cited by 40 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…None of the participants in the present study had been exposed to metals in the workplace, and their urinary concentrations of Cd and Pb were thus presumed to reflect environmental sources, notably diet [5,49]. The urinary Cd and Pb concentrations were similar to the data obtained from population-based studies in the U.S. [9][10][11][12], Canada [13], Taiwan [14] and Korea [15]. The eGFR was calculated by using CKD-EPI equations, which are considered to be the most accurate equations for the eGFR [20,22].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…The International Agency for Research on Cancer has established Cd as a human carcinogen [6], while the carcinogenicity of chronic Pb exposure in workplace settings has been observed in two large prospective cohort studies [7,8]. Co-exposure to low levels of environmental Cd and Pb has been reported in large population-based studies in the U.S. [9][10][11][12], Canada [13], Taiwan [14], and Korea [15]. About half of the participants in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 2007-2012, aged ≥6 years, had blood or urinary levels of Cd and Pb above reported median levels [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comparison of the Nephrotoxicity of Low Doses of Cadmium and Lead

Satarug

Gobé

Ujjin

et al. 2020

Toxics

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Environmental exposure to moderate-to-high levels of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) is associated with nephrotoxicity. In comparison, the health impacts of chronic low-level exposure to Cd and Pb remain controversial. The aim of this study was to therefore evaluate kidney dysfunction associated with chronic low-level exposure to Cd and Pb in a population of residents in Bangkok, Thailand. The mean age and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) for 392 participants (195 men and 197 women) were 34.9 years and 104 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively, while the geometric mean concentrations of urinary Cd and Pb were 0.25 μg/L (0.45 μg/g of creatinine) and 0.89 μg/L (1.52 μg/g of creatinine), respectively. In a multivariable regression analysis, the eGFR varied inversely with blood urea nitrogen in both men (β = −0.125, p = 0.044) and women (β = −0.170, p = 0.008), while inverse associations of the eGFR with urinary Cd (β = −0.132, p = 0.043) and urinary Pb (β = −0.130, p = 0.044) were seen only in women. An increased urinary level of Cd to the median level of 0.38 μg/L (0.44 μg/g of creatinine) was associated with a decrease in the eGFR by 4.94 mL/min/1.73 m2 (p = 0.011). The prevalence odds of a reduced eGFR rose 2.5-, 2.9- and 2.3-fold in the urinary Cd quartile 3 (p = 0.013), the urinary Cd quartile 4 (p = 0.008), and the urinary Pb quartile 4 (p = 0.039), respectively. This study suggests that chronic exposure to low-level Cd is associated with a decline in kidney function and that women may be more susceptible than men to nephrotoxicity due to an elevated intake of Cd and Pb.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of the Nephrotoxicity of Low Doses of Cadmium and Lead

Satarug

Gobé

Ujjin

et al. 2020

Toxics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The serum level of antioxidant vitamin E showed a negative correlation with serum malondialdehyde whereas vitamin A and vitamin C had shown no correlation with serum malondialdehyde (Figure 1). 10 In the present study the mean of BMI was 21.81±4.56kg/m 2 in control and 24.25±4.93kg/m 2 in cataract patients without diabetes mellitus and 25.18±4.06kg/m 2 in cataract patients with diabetes mellitus. The previous studies also reported higher BMI in cataract patients.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 48%

Oxidative stress and antioxidant vitamins in cataract patients

Ghazala¹,

Ali²,

Siddiqui³

et al. 2019

Int J Res Med Sci

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Background: In Pakistan age related vision disturbances are mainly due to cataract. Various studies have reported relationship of ocular lesion with senile changes and diabetes mellitus resulting in reduced quality of life due to vision. Oxidative stress is an important factor in the process of cataractogenesis. The pathogenesis of the cataract may involve decreased activity of antioxidant scavenging system which includes non-enzymatic natural antioxidants as biomolecules such as carotenoids and vitamins. So, it is planned to investigate the level of serum antioxidant vitamins in diabetic cataract patients and in non-diabetic cataract patients.Methods: The study was conducted at Biochemistry department, Al-Tibri Medical College Karachi from October 2016 to October 2017. Ninety pre diagnosed cataract patients were selected from Al-Ibrahim Eye Hospital Karachi 40 normal control subjects were selected from the same population with same socioeconomic group. The demographic data was analyzed. The random blood sugar, antioxidant vitamins (C, A and E) and malondialdehyde were analyzed in the blood sample of control and cataract patients. The data was analyzed by SPSS version 20.Results: There was no significant difference in the level of vitamin C, A, E and MDA between diabetic and non-diabetic cataract patients, but the blood levels of vitamins of control are higher as compared to the cataract patients. The level of MDA is significantly high in cataract patients as compared to control. Antioxidant vitamin E was negatively correlated with serum malondialdehyde in cataract patients.Conclusions: It is concluded that in diabetic and non-diabetic cataract low level of serum antioxidant vitamins may be a contributory factor for cataractogenesis.

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“…51–55 A study using NHANES data found more than 50% of the total effect of smoking on the risk of cataract could be attributed to Cd’s indirect effects. 36 The same may be true of smoking and Cd’s relationship to incident CS impairment. While the biological mechanism by which Cd causes CS impairment cannot be discerned in this study, potential mechanisms include increases in inflammation, reactive oxygen species, apoptosis, and disruption of metabolism of key elements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Association of Cadmium and Lead Exposure With the Incidence of Contrast Sensitivity Impairment Among Middle-aged Adults

et al. 2018

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Importance Contrast sensitivity (CS) is an important indicator of visual function that impacts daily life, including mobility, visually intensive tasks, safety, and autonomy. Understanding risk factors for CS impairment could lead to prevention of decreases in visual function. Objective Determine the incidence of CS impairment in a large cohort, and investigate factors potentially associated with incidence, including cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) levels. Design The Beaver Dam Offspring Study (BOSS, baseline 2005–2008) was conducted in the adult children of the participants of the population-based Epidemiology of Hearing Loss Study. Follow-up examinations occurred in 2010–2013 and 2015–2017. Setting Longitudinal cohort study Participants 1983 participants free of CS impairment at baseline. Particpants were primarily non-hispanic white, 51.8% women, mean age 48 years (standard deviation=9.3). Main Outcome CS was measured using Pelli-Robson Letter Sensitivity Charts, and incident impairment was defined as a log CS score less than 1.55 in either eye at any follow-up examination. Cd and Pb levels were measured in whole blood, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Associations between baseline characteristics and CS impairment incidence were examined using Cox proportional hazard models and quantified as hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results The 10-year cumulative incidence of CS impairment was 24.8%, was similar in women and men, and was highest in the oldest age group (64–84 years) at 66.3%. In multivariable models, a Cd level in the highest quintile (Q5 vs. Q1–4) (HR=1.35, CI=1.02, 1.78), age (per 5 years) (HR=1.34, CI=1.25,1.44), waist circumference (per 5 cm) (HR=1.06, CI=1.02,1.10), and number of plaque sites (1–3 vs. 0, HR=1.37, CI=1.03,1.81; 4–6 vs. 0, HR=2.63, CI=1.26,5.48) were associated with increased risk, while male sex (HR=0.77, CI=0.60,0.98) and any alcohol consumption (vs. none, HR=0.54, CI=0.39, 0.76) were associated with decreased risk. Results were similar when smoking status replaced Cd in the models. Lead level was not associated with increased risk. Conclusions and Relevance Incident CS impairment was common in the 10-year follow-up. Cd, but not Pb, was associated with increased risk. Other modifiable risk factors were associated with risk implying that changes in behavior could reduce future incident impairment.

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Cadmium and lead exposure and risk of cataract surgery in U.S. adults

Cited by 40 publications

References 61 publications

A Comparison of the Nephrotoxicity of Low Doses of Cadmium and Lead

A Comparison of the Nephrotoxicity of Low Doses of Cadmium and Lead

Oxidative stress and antioxidant vitamins in cataract patients

Association of Cadmium and Lead Exposure With the Incidence of Contrast Sensitivity Impairment Among Middle-aged Adults

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