Cadmium in the gironde fluvioestuarine system: Behaviour and flow

Jouanneau, J. M.; Boutier, Bernard; Chiffoleau, Jean-François; Latouche, Claude; Philipps, Isabelle

doi:10.1016/0048-9697(90)90257-u

Cited by 49 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…L'origine fluviatile et les processus estuariens aboutissant à cette pollution ont été identifiés à la faveur de diverses recherches sur le comportement des métaux dans I'estuaire de la Gironde (Jouanneau et al, 1990). Dans le cadre d'une étude de l'ensemble des bassins versants de la Dordogne et de la Garonne (Latouche, 1970;Latouche et al, 1989) (Roux et Simonet, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Flux de matières en suspension et de cadmium dans le Lot

et al. 1996

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Résumé. -La contamination en cadmium, observée dans les huîtres de l'estuaire de la Gironde, provient, principalement par l'intermédiaire du Lot, d'une ancienne usine de traitement du minerai de zinc et des métaux qui lui sont associés. Les flux de cadmium principalement expulsé sous la forme particulaire sont suivis annuellement depuis 1990. Un des facteurs repose sur la stratégie et la méthodologie d'échantillonnage. L'important échantillonnage recueilli au niveau des turbidités a permis non seulement d'établir et de comparer deux méthodes de calcul des flux de MES mais aussi de montrer l'importance du régime hydrologique de la rivière en particulier du rôle des crues quant à la remobilisation des sédiments de fonds. Le bilan suffisamment précis des flux de MES a permis d'établir les flux de cadmium particulaire émis avec une approximation suffisante pour permettre de juger des efforts de réhabilitation du site pollueur.Mots clés. -Flux de MES, Pollution de cadmium particulaire, Flux de cadmium dissous, Processus fluviaux.Abstract. -The source of present-day cadmium contamination in the Gironde estuary is a now-abandoned industrial facility used for refining zinc ore, located in the upper reaches of the Lot river basin. In quantifying the fluxes of cadmium contamination in the river, a considerable effort had to be devoted to methodological development. A key factor in the methodological scheme was the measurement of fluxes of total suspended particulate matter (TSS) for various regimes during the year. The large set of measurements of turbidity and volumetric discharge at monitoring sites, allowed quantitative comparison of two techniques of calculating TSS fluxes. Using these techniques, values for particulate cadmium flux were calculated which ranged from 1.3 in 1990 (the driest year) to 17.5 t.y-' in 1992 (wet year). Estimation of total cadmium fluxes contributed by the Lot River to such a level of precision are deemed critical in directing clean-up efforts in the basin and estuary as a whole.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Flux de matières en suspension et de cadmium dans le Lot

et al. 1996

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“…The Marennes-Oléron Bay represents the coastal endpoint of a continuum of Cd pollution which begins 450 km upstream, in a small tributary of the Lot River, called the 'Riou Mort' (Jouanneau et al 1990, Lapaquellerie et al 1995, Grousset et al 1999 (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cadmium pathways in an exploited intertidal ecosystem with chronic cadmium inputs (Marennes-Oléron, Atlantic coast, France)

Pigeot¹,

Miramand²,

Guyot³

et al. 2006

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The Marennes-Oléron Bay is subject to chronic pollution by cadmium (Cd) from the Gironde watershed. An ecosystem approach was used to study the fate of cadmium in the different biological compartments. The median Cd concentration was 0.4 µg g -1 dry weight for the 63 benthic species measured. When combined with the respective biomasses for the different species studied, we estimated that 7 kg of Cd is partitioned into the soft tissues of the benthic species in the bay. The majority of this cadmium was distributed between primary producers, mainly microphytobenthos (40%), and suspension-feeders, mainly oysters (40%). All other benthic species measured were associated with negligible masses of Cd. Two trophic levels contained 98% of the Cd: 3 kg was partitioned into primary producers (of which 77% is associated with the microphytobenthos) and 3.2 kg of Cd was distributed among all suspension feeders. The carnivores, including scavengers, concentrated less than 0.2 kg of Cd, suggesting an absence of biomagnification of Cd in the trophic food web of the bay. The microphytobenthic compartment was estimated to control the largest quantity of Cd (ca. 188 kg yr -1 ), suggesting an important role for the microphytobenthos in the biogeochemical cycle of Cd in the bay. The quantities of Cd associated with annual biological production in other biological compartments were low: 2 kg yr -1 for eelgrass which could represent a vector of Cd transfer to winter populations of Brent geese and 1.4 kg yr -1 for all suspension feeders, principally the cultivated Pacific oysters (64%) representing a vector of Cd transfer to humans. An ecosystem-wide budget for the quantities of Cd present in all the biological and physical compartments showed that the majority of Cd (1 t) is trapped in the upper 5 cm of the bay sediments, representing a potential risk for the oyster and shellfish cultivation in the bay.KEY WORDS: Macrophytes · Microphytobenthos · Macrofauna · Cadmium · Bioaccumulation · Trophic food web · Marennes-Oléron Bay Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 307: [101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114] 2006 cessing plant stopped metal production, the tailings were isolated, and the runoff water treated. Nonetheless, the remaining cadmium mass trapped in the sediments of the Lot River was estimated to be nearly 200 t in 1991 (Lapaquellerie et al. 1995). The Garonne River and Gironde Estuary, which are downstream from the Riou Mort and the Lot River, have been contaminated through the flux of eroded, contaminated bottom sediments (Latouche 1988, Boutier et al. 2000. Even if the Cd fluxes have decreased since 1985 as distance from the Gironde Estuary increased (RNO 2000), they remain important, and are currently estimated at 4 to 5 t of dissolved cadmium per year. In the estuarine environment, cadmium sorbed on sediment particles may desorb as the water salinity increases (Latouche 1988, Lapaquellerie et al. 1996, Boutier et al. 2000...

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“…380 ng l −1 ) at Le Verdon, where the salinity ranged from 14 to 24 ‰. An average value of 400 ng l −1 was previously determined for a comparable salinity range (Jouanneau et al, 1990), although Kraepiel et al (1997) ured values three times lower in February 1994 when high floods occurred. The mean concentration of the dissolved cadmium at La Réole, endpoint of the fresh water before the Gironde estuary, was 78 ng l −1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cadmium budget for the Lot-Garonne fluvial system (France)

Blanc

Lapaquellerie

Maillet

et al. 1999

Man and River Systems

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Routine measurements of river discharge and total suspended sediment concentration (TSS) are combined with regular analyses for particulate and dissolved cadmium to produce a box model that allows us to propose a cadmium mass balance for the Lot-Garonne man-influenced river system (8400 km 2 ). Nearly half the cadmium in the Garonne river is supplied by the tributary Lot river. Cadmium input onto the Lot river comprises wet deposition from the atmosphere, molecular diffusion at the sediment-water interface, surface-water runoff and discharge from the leaching of waste at a zinc refining plant. Approximately 85% of the cadmium in the Lot river is derived from anthropogenic origin. Cadmium in the industrial discharge is 80% dissolved and 20% in the particulate phase (4.2 and 1.1 t yr −1 , respectively). Total inputs are estimated at 4.81 t yr −1 and 1.54 t yr −1 for the dissolved cadmium and for the particulate phase, respectively. Budgeting estimates an output onto the Garonne river of 0.54 t yr −1 for the dissolved cadmium (about 8%) and 6.13 t yr −1 for the particulate cadmium (about 92%) indicating that downstream sediment-associated cadmium fluxes are enhanced by the 4.27 t yr −1 removed from solution and the 0.32 t yr −1 remobilized by the erosion of sediment blanketing the Lot river bed. These figures are found to be comparable with those generated by a dilution model which suggests that 97% of dissolved cadmium is taken up by the particulate phase over 0.5 km downstream from the primary anthropogenic source.

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Cadmium in the gironde fluvioestuarine system: Behaviour and flow

Cited by 49 publications

References 8 publications

Flux de matières en suspension et de cadmium dans le Lot

Flux de matières en suspension et de cadmium dans le Lot

Cadmium pathways in an exploited intertidal ecosystem with chronic cadmium inputs (Marennes-Oléron, Atlantic coast, France)

A cadmium budget for the Lot-Garonne fluvial system (France)

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