Cadmium Induced Acute Lung Injury and TUNEL Expression of Apoptosis in Respiratory Cells

Kwon, Kun Young; Jang, Jae Hwi; Kwon, Sun Young; Cho, Chi Heum; Oh, Hoon Kyu

doi:10.3346/jkms.2003.18.5.655

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Analysis of tumor genesis revealed that death resistance capacity can be acquired by different mechanisms, how contact with external soluble factors, especially carcinogenic agents 16 . Similar results were observed by Kwon et al 17 after intra-tracheal injection of cadmium into both rats lungs. Authors observed a time-response decrease of apoptotic cells 17 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Lung apoptosis after intra-pulmonary instillation of Benzo(a)pyrene in Wistar rats

Silva¹,

Aydos

Silva

et al. 2010

Acta Cir. Bras.

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Purpose:To evaluate the influence of pulmonary instillation of Benzo [a]pyrene in lung apoptosis of Wistar rats. Methods: Male Rattus norvegicus albinus, Wistar lineage was carried through an intra-pulmonary instillation of the Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) dilution in alcohol 70%. Three experimental groups had been formed with 08 animals each: Control Group (Alcohol 70%); B[a]P Group 40 mg/kg; e B[a]P Group 80mg/kg, submitted to euthanasia 16 and 18 weeks after the experimental procedure. The pulmonary sections had been processed by TUNEL method and submitted to the histomorphometric analysis to quantify the apoptotic cell number. Results: After 16 weeks, mean of apoptotic cells number in control group (19,3±3,2) was greater than 40mg/Kg group (11,8±1,9; p<0,01) and 80mg/Kg group (7,0±1,4; p<0,01). Significant difference also observed between 40mg/Kg and 80mg/Kg (p<0,05). After 18 weeks, mean of apoptotic cells number in control group (18,0±2,2) was greater than 40mg/Kg group (8,8±1,7; p<0,01) and 80mg/Kg group (5,5±1,3; p<0,01). Significant difference wasn't observed between 40mg/Kg and 80mg/Kg (ns a]P 80mg/kg, submetidos a eutanásia 16 e 18 semanas após o procedimento experimental. As secções pulmonares foram processadas pelo método TUNEL e submetidas à análise histomorfométrica para quantificação do número de células apoptóticas. Resultados: Após 16 semanas, a média do número de células apoptóticas do grupo controle (19,3±3,2) mostrou-se maior que o grupo 40mg/Kg (11,8±1,9; p<0,01) e 80mh/Kg (7,0±1,4; p<0,01). Diferença significante foi também observada entre os grupos 40mg/Kg e 80mg/Kg (p<0,05). Após 18 semanas, a média do número de células apoptóticas do grupo controle (18,0±2,2) mostrou-se maior que o grupo 40mg/Kg (8,8±1,7; p<0,01) e 80mh/Kg (5,5±1,3; p<0,01). Não foi observada diferença significante entre os grupos 40 e 80mg/Kg (ns). Conclusão: A instilação intrapulmonar de Benzo[a]pireno induziu diminuição significativa da atividade apoptótica em tecido pulmonar.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Similar results were observed by Kwon et al 17 after intra-tracheal injection of cadmium into both rats lungs. Authors observed a time-response decrease of apoptotic cells 17 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Lung apoptosis after intra-pulmonary instillation of Benzo(a)pyrene in Wistar rats

Silva¹,

Aydos

Silva

et al. 2010

Acta Cir. Bras.

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“…The action of metals, such as Cd and Pb, can deteriorate DNA and originate cancer, yet the same metals can also initiate the process of apoptosis capable of eliminating cells with damaged DNA and this way prevent cancer (Singh et al 1999). From the four metals taken into account, Cd is one of the most toxic and the one that recognizably induces apoptosis in cells from different organs (Hamada et al 1997;Habeebu et al 1998;Wätjen and Beyersmann 2004), and is capable of causing this type of cellular death in the lung (Lag et al 2002) even at 2.5 mg/kg (Kwon et al 2003), i.e. at levels well below the ones found in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In mice from Rabo de Peixe, the lung presented levels of Pb higher than those from Furnas, that may be justified by the proximity of that sampling area to a site where extraction of basaltic rock and aggregate production occurs, this way contributing with dusts produced during the separation and transformation of basalt rich in Pb (Drever 1997) that can be retained, in part, in the respiratory tract but also in the lung. Cd and Pb, on their own or in mixtures, besides being able to cause the diminishment of ciliated bronchial cells, which are responsible by the secretion of pulmonary surfactants necessary to protect the bronchi (Fortoul et al 2004(Fortoul et al , 2005, can also cause either apoptosis or lung cancer (Singh et al 1999;Kwon et al 2003). In spite of the few known harmful effects of Al over biologic systems, it is recognized its preferential accumulation in the lung, where it can originate fibrosis and granulomatosis when in high concentrations (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apoptosis, metallothionein, and bioavailable metals in domestic mice (Mus musculus L.) from a human-inhabited volcanic area

et al. 2007

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The influence of extreme environments of volcanic origin over vertebrates and the cellular responses that these may give are almost unknown. The main objectives were to evaluate the exposure of mice to metals in the interior of houses of a small village settled inside a volcanic crater (Furnas, Azores), and the levels of apoptosis and metallothionein in the organs (lung, liver, and kidney) of those animals. Adult mice (Mus musculus) were captured in two areas, one with volcanic activity and the other without it over the last three centuries. In the excised organs, analysis of metals (Al, Cd, Pb, Zn), TUNEL assay for apoptosis, and immunohistochemistry for metallothionein were undertook. Mice from the area with volcanic activity presented higher levels of apoptosis and metallothionein than those from the area without volcanic activity. Such results were in agreement with the differences in metal burdens of the three organs, and interestingly these concentrations were similar to or higher than others found in heavily polluted areas outside the Azores. Thus, there may be a high risk of harmful effects for organisms, including humans, inhabiting areas with volcanism, where hazardous gases and metals in the air are very common during the entire day or even all year round.

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“…Cd compounds are classified as human carcinogens by several regulatory agencies (Hossain et al, 2002;Mahalik et al, 1995;Satarug et al, 2004;Sunderman, 2001). The most convincing data that Cd is carcinogenic for humans result from studies that state that occupational Cd exposure is associated with lung cancer (Kwon et al, 2003;Lagorio et al, 2006;Persson et al, 2003). Cd exposure has also been linked to human prostate and renal cancer, although this relationship is weaker than for lung cancer (Waalkes, 2003).…”

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confidence: 97%

Harmful Effects of Cadmium on Olfactory System in Mice

Bondier

Michel

Propper

et al. 2008

Inhalation Toxicology

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The inhalation of certain metals can result in olfactory epithelial injury, an altered sense of smell, and direct delivery of the metal from the olfactory epithelium to the olfactory bulbs and other parts of the central nervous system. The purpose of this study was to examine whether mice given an intranasal instillation of cadmium would develop altered olfactory function and to assess whether cadmium may be transported directly from the olfactory epithelium to the central nervous system. To evaluate cadmium's ability to induce anosmia and on the basis of olfactory epithelium sensitivity to metals, the aim of this study was first to study cadmium effects on the olfactory function and secondly to check whether cadmium may be transported from the nasal area to the central nervous system. After an intranasal instillation of a solution containing CdCl 2 at 136 mM, we observed in treated mice: (1) a partial destruction of the olfactory epithelium, which is reduced to three or four basal cell layers followed by a progressive regeneration; (2) a loss of odor discrimination with a subsequent recovery; and (3) a cadmium uptake by olfactory bulbs demonstrated using atomic absorption spectrophotometry, but not by other parts of the central nervous system. Cadmium was delivered to the olfactory bulbs, most likely along the olfactory nerve, thereby bypassing the intact blood-brain barrier. We consider that cadmium can penetrate olfactory epithelium and hence be transported to olfactory bulbs. The olfactory route could therefore be a likely way to reach the brain and should be taken into account for occupational risk assessments for this metal.

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Cadmium Induced Acute Lung Injury and TUNEL Expression of Apoptosis in Respiratory Cells

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

Lung apoptosis after intra-pulmonary instillation of Benzo(a)pyrene in Wistar rats

Lung apoptosis after intra-pulmonary instillation of Benzo(a)pyrene in Wistar rats

Apoptosis, metallothionein, and bioavailable metals in domestic mice (Mus musculus L.) from a human-inhabited volcanic area

Harmful Effects of Cadmium on Olfactory System in Mice

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