Caesarean section followed by ovariohysterectomy in a Bangladeshi domestic cat: A surgical intervention for management of dystocia due to partial primary uterine inertia

Abstract

Background The incidence of dystocia in cats is relatively low compared to that in other pet and farm animals. However, when dystocia occurs in cats, manual, medicinal or surgical intervention is required. Objectives Here, we report a caesarean section (C‐section) in a Bangladeshi domestic cat that suffered from dystocia due to partial primary uterine inertia. Methods A Bangladeshi domestic queen cat was presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH) with signs of dystocia. The queen had given birth to one kitten 36 hr earlier; however, newborn died 30 min after birth. She was unable to deliver the remaining fetuses. The cat had gone off feed, appeared depressed, had a severely enlarged abdomen and showed no straining efforts. On palpation, bony‐like structures were felt in both sides of the abdomen. Ultrasonographic (USG) examination was carried out, which confirmed the presence of two fetuses, one fetus in each uterine horn. No fetal movements could be detected. The cat was diagnosed with dystocia due to partial primary uterine inertia. Results A C‐section was performed, and two emphysematous, putrefied and large dead kittens were removed. The uterus was found to be severely decomposed and foul smelling; therefore, an ovariohysterectomy was carried out to prevent development of maternal toxaemia and septicaemia. The queen recovered fully. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, we report here, for the first time, a successful C‐section followed by an ovariohysterectomy in a Bangladeshi domestic cat, suffering from severe dystocia due to partial primary uterine inertia for >36 hr.

Causes and Treatment of Feline Dystocia

“…The definition of a successful Caesarean section includes all producers dealing with the operation, including anesthesia, fluid therapy, time from the beginning of clinical labor signs, animal body condition, and personal experience and post-operative care; all these factors determine success or reduce prognosis expectation Caesarean section (Trass, 2008). The complication with parturition in queen which may interfere with normal delivery reported in previous studies like ovariohysterectomy (Talukder et al, 2021), uterine prolapse (Ucmak et al, 2018), uterine torsion (Sahoo et al, 2018), and dystocia due to ectopic artery (Stedile et al, 2011).…”

“…The major cause related to the dam representing by two types of uterine inertia; the first one is called "primary" which mean that condition in which the uterine muscles do not contract, the other type of uterine inertia is "secondary" which mean fatigued during labor from tenacious straining beside an obstruction within the birth canal (Talukder et al, 2021;Li et al, 2021), The other dam-related cause partial or incomplete dilation of the cervix (Jakson, 2004).…”

Surgical Approaches to Ovariohysterectomy in the Bitch: A Review

“…If no bleeding is present the uterine pedicle is placed back into the peritoneal cavity. The peritoneum, muscle and subcutaneous tissue should close using simple continuous suture with cat-gut 1-0 and the skin have to closed by applying horizontal mattress sutures with silk thread (Talukder et al,2021).…”