Caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee consumption and risk of all‐cause mortality: a dose–response meta‐analysis of cohort studies

Li, Q.; Liu, Y.; Sun, Xizhuo; Yin, Zhaoxia; Li, H.; Cheng, Ching‐Li; Liu, L.; Zhang, Runqi; Liu, F.; Zhou, Qionggui; Wang, C.; Li, L.; Wang, B.; Zhao, Yan; Zhang, M.; Hu, Dongsheng

doi:10.1111/jhn.12633

Cited by 33 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…This is the conclusion of an umbrella review of meta-analyses of multiple health outcomes, even after extensive correction for a large number of possible confounding factors [1], and also the result of the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Study) trial analyzing coffee consumption versus mortality [2]. Consumption of decaffeinated coffee was associated with similar beneficial outcomes, but only if data of large cohorts were available [3][4][5]. The molecular mechanism responsible for these putative health effects is still unresolved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Effects of Coffee: Mechanism Unraveled?

2020

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The association of habitual coffee consumption with a lower risk of diseases, like type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic liver disease, certain cancer types, or with reduced all-cause mortality, has been confirmed in prospective cohort studies in many regions of the world. The molecular mechanism is still unresolved. The radical-scavenging and anti-inflammatory activity of coffee constituents is too weak to account for such effects. We argue here that coffee as a plant food has similar beneficial properties to many vegetables and fruits. Recent studies have identified a health promoting mechanism common to coffee, vegetables and fruits, i.e., the activation of an adaptive cellular response characterized by the upregulation of proteins involved in cell protection, notably antioxidant, detoxifying and repair enzymes. Key to this response is the activation of the Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2) system by phenolic phytochemicals, which induces the expression of cell defense genes. Coffee plays a dominant role in that regard because it is the major dietary source of phenolic acids and polyphenols in the developed world. A possible supportive action may be the modulation of the gut microbiota by non-digested prebiotic constituents of coffee, but the available data are still scarce. We conclude that coffee employs similar pathways of promoting health as assumed for other vegetables and fruits. Coffee beans may be viewed as healthy vegetable food and a main supplier of dietary phenolic phytochemicals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Effects of Coffee: Mechanism Unraveled?

2020

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“…Probably the most striking effect of coffee intake is the ability to increase lifespan and, most importantly, healthspan on ageing [ 106 , 150 , 151 , 152 , 153 , 154 , 155 , 156 , 157 ], as concluded from the analysis of different cohorts in Europe [ 158 , 159 , 160 , 161 , 162 , 163 , 164 ], America [ 165 , 166 , 167 ], and Asia [ 168 , 169 , 170 , 171 ], with different ethnicities [ 170 ] and different types of coffee [ 167 ]; these effects were observed similarly in both men and women [ 152 , 161 ] with different polymorphisms [ 162 , 172 ], sharply contrasting with the positive association of life-long acrylamide exposure [ 173 ] and acrylamide–hemoglobin adducts [ 174 ] with mortality.…”

Section: Other General Beneficial Health Effects Of Coffeementioning

confidence: 99%

The Coffee–Acrylamide Apparent Paradox: An Example of Why the Health Impact of a Specific Compound in a Complex Mixture Should Not Be Evaluated in Isolation

Nehlig

Cunha

2020

Nutrients

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The health implications of acrylamide in food are a matter of concern based on toxicological studies in rodents, which showed that doses of acrylamide more than 100 times higher than those estimated to result from dietary exposure in humans are carcinogenic; however, the cancer types reported in rodents are species-specific, and whether these results can be extrapolated to humans is still in question. In fact, human epidemiological studies revealed a general lack of association between dietary acrylamide exposure and the incidence of different cancer types. Even occupational exposure to acrylamide, resulting in acrylamide exposure nearly 10 times higher than dietary exposure, did not increase tumor occurrence. Furthermore, the consumption of coffee, which is a main contributor of dietary acrylamide exposure, actually decreases the overall incidence of cancer in humans and afford global health benefits, increasing both lifespan and healthspan on ageing. This paradox clearly illustrates the risk of evaluating an individual molecule independently of its complete food matrix, which may have other components that completely override the effects of the considered molecule.

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“…Habitual coffee drinkers will experience less of this blood pressure rising effect due to increased tolerance of caffeine [37]. A recent meta-analysis that looked at both caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee consumption and all-cause mortality found no difference in the risk reduction (per 1 cup/day increments) from all-cause mortality between caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee [20]. This indicates that the effect of coffee on all-cause mortality might be unrelated to the caffeine consumption.…”

Section: Cardiovascular Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To this day, there are several meta-analyses conducted in order to quantify the risk of overall and cause specific mortality in regards to coffee consumption [ 17 – 20 ]. The results from the meta-analyses all indicated that coffee consumption was associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality, and in two meta-analyses, coffee consumption reduced the risk of mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coffee consumption and overall and cause-specific mortality: the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study (NOWAC)

et al. 2020

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Coffee consumption has previously been reported to reduce overall and cause-specific mortality. We aimed to further investigate this association by coffee brewing methods and in a population with heavy coffee consumers. The information on total, filtered, instant, and boiled coffee consumption from self-administered questionnaires was available from 117,228 women in the Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) Study. We used flexible parametric survival models to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality by total coffee consumption and brewing methods, and adjusted for smoking status, number of pack-years, age at smoking initiation, alcohol consumption, body mass index, physical activity, and duration of education. During 3.2 million person-years of follow-up, a total of 16,106 deaths occurred. Compared to light coffee consumers (≤ 1 cup/day), we found a statistically significant inverse association with high-moderate total coffee consumption (more than 4 and up to 6 cups/day, HR 0.89; 95% CI 0.83–0.94) and all-cause mortality. The adverse association between heavy filtered coffee consumption (> 6 cups/day) and all-cause mortality observed in the entire sample (HR 1.09; 95% CI 1.01–1.17) was not found in never smokers (HR 0.85; 95% CI 0.70–1.05). During the follow-up, both high-moderate total and filtered coffee consumption were inversely associated with the risk of cardiovascular mortality (HR 0.79; 95% CI 0.67–0.94; HR 0.80; 95% CI 0.67–0.94, respectively). The association was stronger in the analyses of never smokers (> 6 cups of filtered coffee/day HR 0.20; 95% CI 0.08–0.56). The consumption of more than 6 cups/day of filtered, instant, and coffee overall was found to increase the risk of cancer deaths during the follow-up. However, these associations were not statistically significant in the subgroup analyses of never smokers. The data from the NOWAC study indicate that the consumption of filtered coffee reduces the risk of cardiovascular deaths. The observed adverse association between coffee consumption and cancer mortality is most likely due to residual confounding by smoking.

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Caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee consumption and risk of all‐cause mortality: a dose–response meta‐analysis of cohort studies

Cited by 33 publications

References 57 publications

Health Effects of Coffee: Mechanism Unraveled?

Health Effects of Coffee: Mechanism Unraveled?

The Coffee–Acrylamide Apparent Paradox: An Example of Why the Health Impact of a Specific Compound in a Complex Mixture Should Not Be Evaluated in Isolation

Coffee consumption and overall and cause-specific mortality: the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study (NOWAC)

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