Background Previous meta‐analysis showed an inverse association between coffee consumption and all‐cause mortality. However, the relationship between caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee consumption and all‐cause mortality is inconsistent. We aimed to identify and review the published evidence updating the association between coffee consumption and all‐cause mortality and, furthermore, to investigate the association of caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee consumption and all‐cause mortality. Methods We systematically searched PubMed and Web of Science for studies published up to 9 November 2017. Cohort studies in which authors reported relative risks (RRs) of all‐cause mortality for at least three levels of coffee consumption were eligible. Random‐effects models were used to estimate the pooled RR of all‐cause mortality with coffee consumption. Restricted cubic splines were used to model the dose–response association. Results We included 21 cohort study articles (10 103 115 study participants and 240 303 deaths). We found a nonlinear association between coffee consumption and all‐cause mortality (Pnonlinearity < 0.001). Compared with no or rare coffee consumption, with a consumption of 3 cups day–1, the risk of all‐cause mortality might reduce 13% (RR = 0.87; 95% confidence interval = 0.84–0.89). Conclusions The findings of the present study provide quantitative data suggesting that coffee consumption plays a role in reducing the risk of all‐cause mortality. Similar inverse associations are found for caffeinated coffee and decaffeinated coffee.

Background and purpose Low‐density‐lipoprotein‐receptor‐associated protein 4 (LRP4) autoantibodies have recently been detected in myasthenia gravis (MG), but little is known about the clinical characteristics associated with this serological type. In this study, the clinical features of Chinese patients with anti‐LRP4 antibody‐positive MG were characterized. Methods A total of 2172 MG serum samples were collected from patients in various parts of China. An enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibody and titin antibody, and cell‐based assays were used to detect muscle‐specific kinase antibody and LRP4 antibody. Clinical data for patients with MG were collected from different provinces in China. Results In total, 16 (0.8%) patients with LRP4‐MG were found amongst 2172 total patients, including three patients with AChR/LRP4‐MG. Additionally, 13 (2.9%) patients with LRP4‐MG were found amongst 455 patients with double seronegative MG. The ratio of males to females for these 13 patients was 1:1.6, and 53.8% patients were children. A total of 91.7% of cases exhibited initial ocular involvement, and 58.3% of cases exhibited simple eye muscle involvement. Responses to acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and prednisone were observed. Conclusion The expanded sample confirmed that the positive rate of LRP4 antibodies in China is lower than that in western countries. Our results highlighted the differences between LRP4‐MG and other antibody groups. Children and female patients with LRP4‐MG have a higher prevalence, often involving the ocular muscles and limb muscles. The clinical symptoms are mild, and satisfactory responses to treatment are often achieved.

Our data suggest that the functional interaction of miR-33a and EN-2 is involved in tumorigenesis of prostate cancer. Also in this process EN-2 serves as a negative responder for miR-33a.

No abstract

No abstract