2018
DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01144
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Caffeine and Placebo Improved Maximal Exercise Performance Despite Unchanged Motor Cortex Activation and Greater Prefrontal Cortex Deoxygenation

Abstract: Caffeine (CAF) is an ergogenic aid used to improve exercise performance. Independent studies have suggested that caffeine may have the ability to increase corticospinal excitability, thereby decreasing the motor cortex activation required to generate a similar motor output. However, CAF has also been suggested to induce a prefrontal cortex (PFC) deoxygenation. Others have suggested that placebo (PLA) may trigger comparable effects to CAF, as independent studies found PLA effects on motor performance, corticosp… Show more

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Cited by 32 publications
(42 citation statements)
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“…These findings complement previous findings in this area, in which participants were able to significantly improve their performance after being falsely informed they had received caffeine. 30,31 However, in addition to previous studies investigating the placebo effect of caffeine, 4,30-32 we also examined participants' pacing strategy during the trial, in order to establish if a change in pacing might help explain the performance improvements. Given that we informed participants that they had received caffeine in the CC and CP treatments, this information appears to have influenced their belief of how fast they could perform, influencing the goal-directed process of decision-making regarding how to distribute the available energy resources.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These findings complement previous findings in this area, in which participants were able to significantly improve their performance after being falsely informed they had received caffeine. 30,31 However, in addition to previous studies investigating the placebo effect of caffeine, 4,30-32 we also examined participants' pacing strategy during the trial, in order to establish if a change in pacing might help explain the performance improvements. Given that we informed participants that they had received caffeine in the CC and CP treatments, this information appears to have influenced their belief of how fast they could perform, influencing the goal-directed process of decision-making regarding how to distribute the available energy resources.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The advantages of the fNIRS technique are non-invasive, inexpensive, quiet, harmless, and portable. It is especially promising for real-time and mobile applications (e.g., daily living environment, intensive aerobic exercises) [ 10 13 ]. Recently fNIRS has been shown as appropriate for neuronal activity detection [ 14 16 ] and brain–computer interface (BCI) [ 7 , 17 20 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A presença de desenho experimental com duplo-controle é pouco comum nas ciências do exercício. Neste sentido, a utilização de substância PLA percebida como a substância ativa tem sido recentemente sugerida como um controle mais adequado em estudos com suplementação dietética (BEEDIE et al, 2018;BRIETZKE et al, 2017a;FOAD;COLEMAN, 2008;PIRES et al, 2018c), pois permite investigar os reais efeitos da suplementação manipulada com controle dos efeitos psicológicos da crença na substância (FOAD; BEEDIE; COLEMAN, 2008). De fato, algumas substâncias (i.e.…”
Section: Limitações E Aspectos Metodológicosunclassified
“…De fato, algumas substâncias (i.e. cafeína) parecem, de certo modo, ter efeito placebo sobre o desempenho de ciclismo (BEEDIE et al, 2006;BRIETZKE et al, 2017b;FOAD;COLEMAN, 2008;PIRES et al, 2018c) (BRÜMMER et al, 2011a(BRÜMMER et al, , 2011bPIRES et al, 2018c), uma vez que estudos têm demonstrado que a ativação de importantes regiões cerebrais responde de maneira diferente em diferentes modelos de exercício (BRÜMMER et al, 2011b;PIRES et al, 2016), e tem sido associada às respostas perceptivas e de desempenho físico (PIRES et al, 2018c;MARINO, 2015MARINO, , 2016. Nesse sentido, embora tenhamos obtido sinal de EEG com qualidade razoável durante exercício, não analisamos o sinal de EEG em nenhuma das derivações medidas em intensidade acima dos 75 % do TIM preliminar, pois a presença de artefatos originados pela excessiva movimentação de cabeça e tronco em altas intensidades poderiam limitar a qualidade do sinal (THOMPSON et al, 2008).…”
Section: Limitações E Aspectos Metodológicosunclassified