Cage Polyamine Molecule Hexamethylenetetramine as Additives for Improving Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells

Abstract

As a rising star in the photovoltaic field, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted extensive attention. However, the industrialization development of PSCs still faces the dual challenges of improving efficiency and stability. Herein, a cage polyamine molecule hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) as additive is incorporated into the tin oxide electron transport layer (ETL). The introduction of HMTA improves the electron extraction ability of SnO2 and optimizes the energy‐level alignment of function layers. The modification of HMTA also passivates the uncoordinated Pb2+ in the perovskite and reduces the oxygen vacancy defects of SnO2, which alleviate trap‐state density and carrier nonradiative recombination. As a result, the PSC based on the SnO2 ETL modified with HMTA achieves a high power conversion efficiency of 22.37% along with good stability. The research results demonstrate a typical case of using cage polyamines to improve the performance and stability of PSCs.

Synergistic passivation with multi-dentate 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid for high-performance perovskite solar cells

“…The enhanced V bi value is favorable for the carrier extraction and avoiding charge accumulation at the interfaces between MAPbI 3 and the charge-transport layers, and improving the performance of the PSCs. 58,59 The dark J-V characteristics (Fig. 8(d)) of the PSCs were also determined to further understand the reason for the decrease in the charge recombination.…”

An Unusual Crystalline Porous Framework Constructed from Multitypes of Cages with Proton Conduction Property and Heterogeneous Catalytic Activity for Pyrazole Synthesis

“…With a cage-like structure, hexamethylenetetramine (Hmt) is a simple yet highly versatile heterocyclic compound for designing and isolating high-dimensional frameworks with different sizes thanks to its flexible adaptation of various coordination modes. 26 Hmt also demonstrates its versatility by functioning as both a terminal monodentate ligand and a connector with bidentate, tridentate, and tetradentate ligands. The resulting framework structures exhibit high topological diversity, including (i) convoluted, linear, double, triple, and quadruple one-dimensional chains; (ii) planar, rectangular grids, and two-dimensional layers; and (iii) three-dimensional structures resembling diamonds, honeycombs, or zeolites.…”

“…With a cage-like structure, hexamethylenetetramine (Hmt) is a simple yet highly versatile heterocyclic compound for designing and isolating high-dimensional frameworks with different sizes thanks to its flexible adaptation of various coordination modes . Hmt also demonstrates its versatility by functioning as both a terminal monodentate ligand and a connector with bidentate, tridentate, and tetradentate ligands.…”

Stabilizing Bottom Side of Perovskite via Preburying Cesium Formate toward Efficient and Stable Solar Cells

“…[17] To circumvent these issues, two strategies have been employed: 1) incorporating a modified layer between the perovskite and bottom charge-transport layer, such as self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), multifunctional organic small molecules, and inorganic salt; [8,[18][19][20] 2) preburying functional additives into the bottom electron transport layers (ETLs) (Table S1, Supporting Information), such as ammonium salt, carbon quantum dot, and cage polyamine molecule. [21][22][23][24] Compared with the former interface modification strategy, the latter preburied additive strategy is more facile, and it can simultaneously modify ETL and perovskite layer. Most recently, the preburied ammonium formate and the interfacial-modified cesium fluoride have been demonstrated to be effective to release the residual strain via optimized crystallization and Cs + cation doping, respectively.…”