2015
DOI: 10.1007/s40620-015-0192-2
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Calciphylaxis: from the disease to the diseased

Abstract: Calciphylaxis, or calcific uremic arteriolopathy, is a vascular ossification-calcification disease involving cutaneous or visceral arterioles, with ischemic damage of the surrounding tissues, usually in the setting of chronic kidney disease. Pathogenesis is still unclear and probably comprises the participation of vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells and macrophages surrounded by a uremic and/or pro-calcifying environment. According to the original concept of calcific uremic arteriolopathy coined by… Show more

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Cited by 21 publications
(49 citation statements)
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“…Diets with high calcium and phosphate, therapies with calcium-containing phosphate binders, and vitamin D analogs may aggravate these disorders. In addition, a number of systemic and local promoters such as uremic toxins, inflammation, and decreased calcification inhibitors can promote this syndrome [6]. The related risk factors in our patient were uremia, longer dialysis vintage, low serum albumin levels, secondary hyperparathyroidism, and obesity.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 72%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Diets with high calcium and phosphate, therapies with calcium-containing phosphate binders, and vitamin D analogs may aggravate these disorders. In addition, a number of systemic and local promoters such as uremic toxins, inflammation, and decreased calcification inhibitors can promote this syndrome [6]. The related risk factors in our patient were uremia, longer dialysis vintage, low serum albumin levels, secondary hyperparathyroidism, and obesity.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 72%
“…The mechanism of action of STS is unclear, but could involve the dissolution of calcium deposits, chelation of calcium ions, antioxidant effects, and/or vasodilatory properties. However, in previous reports, prolonged STS use was associated with multiple adverse effects including STS-induced metabolic acidosis, nausea, vomiting, headache, hypotension, and electrocardiographic abnormalities [6]. Our patient was treated with STS for 27 weeks.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 77%
“…By augmenting levels of glutathione and nitric oxide, STS has been associated with resolution of calciphylaxis through its vasodilatory and antioxidant effects and may reduce the risk of thrombosis. STS has also been shown to chelate calcium, which aids in calcium's dialysis clearance . One case series showed improvement in lesion severity in more than 70% of patients treated with STS .…”
Section: Prevention and Treatmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In a study of patients treated with hyperbaric oxygen, 58% had improvement in calciphylaxis lesion severity, and of these patients, 50% were cured . Proposed mechanisms of action include promoting wound healing, reducing tissue ischemia, and preventing thrombosis . Case reports which outline resolution of calciphylaxis have offered different lengths of treatment, from as little as 3 weeks to as long as 34 months of the therapies previously described .…”
Section: Prevention and Treatmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Supportive therapy included antibiotic prophylaxis with clindamycin, opioide analgesics and interdisciplinary wound care. The course was further complicated by recurrent septic episodes of unknown origin and an atraumatic bowel perforation, a rare complication in systemic calciphylaxis [17]. …”
Section: Case Presentationmentioning
confidence: 99%