Calcium in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis: EMAS clinical guide

Cano, Antonio; Chedraui, Peter; Goulis, Dimitrios G.; Lopès, P.; Mishra, Gita D.; Mueck, Alfred O.; Şentürk, Levent M.; Simoncini, Tommaso; Stevenson, John C.; Stute, Petra; Tuomikoski, Pauliina; Rees, Margaret; Lambrinoudaki, Ιrene

doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.10.004

Cited by 105 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…However, it is important to note that the dietary calcium intake is very different among the various populations around the world, and, therefore, the calcium supplements may be of importance for bone health in some countries but much less in others (20). For example, in a study in the US, less than one third of women aged 9 to71 years had an adequate intake of calcium from their diet alone and even among supplement users (75% of cases) less than 50% of subjects achieved the recommended calcium intake (21).…”

Section: Calcium Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further complicating matters, the national Recommendations on calcium intake for different ages and genders vary worldwide (20), being for example between 1000 and 1300 mg/day in those from the US National Institutes of Health (26) and between 700 and 1000 mg/day in those from the National Osteoporosis Society (27). In general, even if these latter recommendations defines 400 mg/day as the lowest amount of calcium required to maintain a healthy skeleton (28), the adequate calcium supplementation for bone health is still a matter of debate and it is influenced by several factors, such as age and vitamin D levels (17).…”

Section: Calcium Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

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Calcium supplementation in osteoporosis: useful or harmful?

Chiodini

Bolland

2018

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Osteoporosis and fragility fractures are important social and economic problems worldwide and are due to both the loss of bone mineral density and sarcopenia. Indeed, fragility fractures are associated with increased disability, morbidity and mortality.It is known that a normal calcium balance together with a normal vitamin D status is important for maintaining well-balanced bone metabolism and for many years calcium and vitamin D has been considered crucial in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. However, recently the usefulness of calcium supplementation (alone or with concomitant vitamin D) has been questioned, since some studies reported only weak efficacy of these supplementations in reducing fragility fracture risk. On the other hand, besides the gastrointestinal side effects of calcium supplements and the risk of kidney stones related to use of coadministered calcium and vitamin D supplements, other recent data suggested potential adverse cardiovascular effects from calcium supplementation.This debate article is focused on the evidence regarding both the possible usefulness for bone health and the potential harmful effects of calcium and/or calcium with vitamin D supplementation.

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Section: Calcium Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Calcium Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium supplementation in osteoporosis: useful or harmful?

Chiodini

Bolland

2018

European Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Consumption of nuts and seeds, appropriate intake of calcium and vitamin D, and low intakes of alcohol and sodium are additional crucial dietary changes. The recommended calcium and vitamin D daily intakes for women older than 50 years with a risk of fracture are 1000-1200 mg and 600-800 IU, respectively [58][59][60][61][62].…”

Section: Management Of T2dm In Women During and After Menopausementioning

confidence: 99%

Menopause and diabetes: EMAS clinical guide

et al. 2018

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Introduction: Whether menopause increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) independently of ageing has been a matter of debate. Controversy also exists about the benefits and risks of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) in women with T2DM. Aims: To summarise the evidence on 1) the effect of menopause on metabolic parameters and the risk of T2DM, 2) the effect of T2DM on age at menopause, 3) the effect of MHT on the risk of T2DM, and 4) the management of postmenopausal women with T2DM. Materials and methods: Literature review and consensus of experts' opinions. Results and conclusion: Metabolic changes during the menopausal transition include an increase in and the central redistribution of adipose tissue, as well as a decrease in energy expenditure. In addition, there is impairment of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity and an increase in the risk of T2DM. MHT has a favourable effect on glucose metabolism, both in women with and in women without T2DM, while it may delay the onset of T2DM. MHT in women with T2DM should be administered according to their risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In women with T2DM and low CVD risk, oral oestrogens may be preferred, while transdermal 17βoestradiol is preferred for women with T2DM and coexistent CVD risk factors, such as obesity. In any case, a progestogen with neutral effects on glucose metabolism should be used, such as progesterone, dydrogesterone or transdermal norethisterone. Postmenopausal women with T2DM should be managed primarily with lifestyle intervention, including diet and exercise. Most of them will eventually require pharmacological therapy. The

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“…3) Vitamin D and Calcium deficiency: Serum levels of vitamin D and calcium are enlisted to osteoporosis biomarkers for decades and modern studies continue to confirm their predominant role in the prevention and monitoring of the disease 25,26 . Vitamin D and Calcium supplements are considered to be a golden standard in the management of osteoporosis, as they statistically reduce the risk of low energy fractures, implying that their deficiency is essentially involved in the pathogenesis of this bone metabolic syndrome 27 .…”

Section: ) Smokingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could treating periodontitis prevent osteoporosis? An update of the last decade

Skoufou¹,

Yavropoulou²,

Zafeiris³

2019

JRPMS

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Periodontitis has often been reported as a systematic disease independently associated with a range of AbstractChronic periodontitis and osteoporosis are both systemic diseases, characterized by bone resorption. Over the last decade, their correlation has been examined closely, mainly to investigate whether they present a risk factor or an indicator for each other. It is their pathogenetic similarities, their numerous common risk factors and their frequent concomitant development that initiated researchers' interest in the precise association between these two maladies. The present review is aiming to analyse this correlation, laying emphasis on the effects of periodontal status on the skeletal bone mineral density, as suggested by the latest studies. It will also attempt to clarify whether periodontal management could influence the progression or the onset of osteoporosis.

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Calcium in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis: EMAS clinical guide

Cited by 105 publications

References 52 publications

Calcium supplementation in osteoporosis: useful or harmful?

Calcium supplementation in osteoporosis: useful or harmful?

Menopause and diabetes: EMAS clinical guide

Could treating periodontitis prevent osteoporosis? An update of the last decade

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