Calcium-lowering action of glucocorticoids in adrenalectomized-parathyroidectomized rats

Mahgoub, Ahmed; Hirsch, Philip F.; Munson, Paul L.

doi:10.1007/bf02820504

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…We used dexamethasone because it has negligible mineralocorticoid effects (29,30), and we chose a dose of dexamethasone that would be comparable to maximal stress-induced endogenous hydrocortisone production (such as seen in sepsis), approximately 150-to 300-mg hydrocortisone equivalents daily (31,32). We hypothesized that insulin resistance induced by dexamethasone would adversely affect endothelial function, lipid parameters (particularly triglycerides and nonesterified fatty acids), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and heart rate recovery after exercise.…”

Section: T He Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (Hpa)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Short-Term Glucocorticoids on Cardiovascular Biomarkers

Brotman¹,

Girod

García³

et al. 2005

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

100

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Context: Glucocorticoids are known to acutely increase blood pressure, suppress inflammation, and precipitate insulin resistance. However, the short-term effects of glucocorticoids on other cardiovascular risk factors remain incompletely characterized.Objective: Our objective was to determine the effects of a short course of dexamethasone on multiple cardiovascular biomarkers and to determine whether suppression of morning cortisol in response to low-dose dexamethasone is correlated with cardiovascular risk markers in healthy volunteers. Design:We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Setting:The study took place in a tertiary care hospital. Study subjects: Twenty-five healthy male volunteers, ages 19 -39 yr, participated in the study.Intervention: Subjects received either 3 mg dexamethasone twice daily or placebo for 5 d. Subjects also underwent a low-dose (0.5 mg) overnight dexamethasone suppression test. Measures:Parameters examined before and after the 5-d intervention included heart rate, blood pressure, weight, fasting lipid variables, homocysteine, renin, aldosterone, insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, B-type natriuretic peptide, flow-mediated and nitroglycerin-mediated brachial artery dilatation, and heart rate recovery after exercise. All measurements were done in the morning hours in the fasting state.Results: Dexamethasone increased systolic blood pressure, weight, B-type natriuretic peptide, and high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol. Dexamethasone decreased resting heart rate, high-sensitivity Creactive protein, and aldosterone and tended to attenuate nitroglycerin-mediated vasodilatation. There was no effect on flow-mediated vasodilatation, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, low-densitylipoprotein-cholesterol, nonesterified fatty acids, homocysteine, or heart rate recovery. The response of circulating cortisol to low-dose dexamethasone had no significant correlation with any of the cardiovascular risk markers. Conclusions

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Section: T He Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (Hpa)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Short-Term Glucocorticoids on Cardiovascular Biomarkers

Brotman¹,

Girod

García³

et al. 2005

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

100

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“…Mahgoub et al . demonstrated a similar pattern of fall in serum calcium in his study on the calcium-lowering action of GCs in adrenalectomized rats,[ 12 ] whereas Ferraro et al . have demonstrated depletion in phosphate levels in his study on intestinal absorption of phosphate in rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

An experimental study to evaluate the antiosteoporotic effect of Panchatikta Ghrita in a steroid-induced osteoporosis rat model

et al. 2016

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Objective:The study was conducted to develop the glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) model in Sprague-Dawley weanling rats using different doses of methylprednisolone (MP) and evaluate the antiosteoporotic effect of a classical ayurvedic formulation, Panchatikta Ghrita (PG), in this model.Materials and Methods:Institutional Animal Ethics Committee approval was obtained. Development of model was done by subcutaneous injection of 2 doses of MP (14 and 28 mg/kg/week) for 4 weeks in 21-day old weanlings. Following confirmation of the dose of MP that induced osteoporosis, the antiosteoporotic effect of PG was tested in this model in comparison to a known antiosteoporotic agent, alendronate. Both alendronate (2.9 mg/kg/day) and PG (1.35 g/kg/day) were administered orally 2 weeks after MP - 14 mg/kg/week injection and continued for 4 weeks. Serum and urine calcium and inorganic phosphate were analyzed at weekly intervals. Animals were sacrificed after 6 weeks, and femur bones were processed to measure bone hardness and elasticity and for histological studies.Results:Rats treated with MP - 14 mg/kg/week showed optimum osteoporotic effect with no mortality as compared to MP - 28 mg/kg/week; hence, this dose of MP was used further for the efficacy study. Osteoporotic rats treated with PG 1.35 g/kg showed increase in serum calcium and inorganic phosphate levels, whereas urine calcium and phosphate levels were significantly reduced. A significant decrease in a number of osteoclasts, whereas an increase in bone hardness and elasticity was observed as compared to diseased group demonstrating antiosteoporotic effect of PG.Conclusion:PG has an antiosteoporotic effect in GIO rat model.

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“…First, stress can cause changes in behavioral responses and other physiological processes, including catecholamine release, which in turn reduces wound healing121524. Second, the average potency of synthetic steroids is significantly lower than that of endogenous steroids, which means that the physiological effects of these hormones may also differ significantly in terms of their strength25.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental investigation of the effects of chronic stress on bone-to-implant contact

Dündar

Bozoğlan

Yaman³

et al. 2019

J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg

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Objectives This study aimed to investigate the effects of chronic restraint stress on the osseointegration of titanium implants. Materials and Methods Twenty adult male Wistar albino rats were used in the study. After surgical insertion of titanium implants into the metaphyseal part of the tibial bone, rats were randomly divided into two groups: a control group (CNT group) and an experimental restraint stress group (RS group). In the CNT group, titanium implants were inserted surgically, and rats received no further treatment during the 47-day experimental period. In the RS group, restraint stress was applied for 3 hours per day for 45 days, beginning 2 days after implant surgery. Weight of the rats was measured prior to surgery and at the end of the study to analyze the effects of stress. At the end of the experimental period, rats were euthanized, and implants and surrounding bone tissues were used for undecalcified histological analysis. Serum cortisol levels were assessed in cardiac blood samples from the rats following centrifugation. Results Average weight of rats in the RS group was lower than that of rats in the CNT group after the experimental protocol had been completed ( P <0.05). Further, serum cortisol levels were higher in the RS group than in the CNT group ( P <0.05). There were no significant differences in bone-implant connection levels between the two groups ( P >0.05). Conclusion The data analyzed in this study suggest that chronic restraint stress did not adversely affect rats during a 45-day osseointegration period.

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Calcium-lowering action of glucocorticoids in adrenalectomized-parathyroidectomized rats

Cited by 21 publications

References 19 publications

Effects of Short-Term Glucocorticoids on Cardiovascular Biomarkers

Effects of Short-Term Glucocorticoids on Cardiovascular Biomarkers

An experimental study to evaluate the antiosteoporotic effect of Panchatikta Ghrita in a steroid-induced osteoporosis rat model

An experimental investigation of the effects of chronic stress on bone-to-implant contact

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