Calcium Oxalate Crystals in the Wall of Mucor mucedo

Urbanus, J. F. L. M.; Ende, H. van den; Koch, Beatrix

doi:10.2307/3759362

Cited by 18 publications

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“…This method has also been employed to detect Ca^"^ in spores of Diplodia maydis, but particular sites were not identified atid the values given do not refer to specific organelles (Murphy, Thompson & Pappelis, 1976). A combination of analytic methods was successfully used by Urbanus, Van den Ende & Koch (1978) to detect calcium, as oxalate, in the cell wall of zygophores and sporangiophores of Mueor mueedo and other members of the Mucorales which commonly display large crystals embedded in the cell walls of aerial parts of the mycelium. Electron microscopy, chemical tnethods and X-ray crystallography, involving powder diffraction, were used in combination to confirm the identity of crystals in extracted wall materials.…”

Section: Loealization Ofca^'^ In Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium in fungi

Pitt

Ugalde

1984

Plant Cell & Environment

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Abstract. Recently much experimental evidence has accumulated concerning intracellular calcium and its fundamental role as a regulator in eukaryotic cells. The literature relating to Ca2+ in fungi is large and diverse and this paper draws together the available information and discusses the particular functions of the ion in this group of organisms. Uptake mechanisms in fungi are considered with special reference to the effect of Ca2+ on permeability and the systems responsible for transport of ions, sugars and amino acids. Discussion of the subcellular locations and distribution of Ca2+ is accompanied by a critique of methodology used in determination of subcellular sites of Ca2+ in fungi. The role of Ca2+ in morphogenesis in fungi is considered with particular reference to selected groups.

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Section: Loealization Ofca^'^ In Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium in fungi

Pitt

Ugalde

1984

Plant Cell & Environment

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“…All fungal taxa precipitate calcium oxalate on fungal mycelia (Urbanus et al, 1978). This process is considered as detoxification of excess calcium in the fungal growth environment.…”

Section: Ca-and Mg-oxalates Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro formation of Ca-oxalates and the mineral glushinskite by fungal interaction with carbonate substrates and seawater

Kolo

Claeys

2005

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. This study investigates the in vitro formation of Ca-oxalates and glushinskite through fungal interaction with carbonate substrates and seawater as a process of biologically induced metal recycling and neo-mineral formation. The study also emphasizes the role of the substrates as metal donors. In the first experiment, thin sections prepared from dolomitic rock samples of Terwagne Formation (Carboniferous, Viséan, northern France) served as substrates. The thin sections placed in Petri dishes were exposed to fungi grown from naturally existing airborne spores. In the second experiment, fungal growth and mineral formation was monitored using only standard seawater (SSW) as a substrate. Fungal growth media consisted of a high protein/carbohydrates and sugar diet with demineralized water for irrigation. Fungal growth process reached completion under uncontrolled laboratory conditions. The newly formed minerals and textural changes caused by fungal attack on the carbonate substrates were investigated using light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The fungal interaction and attack on the dolomitic and seawater substrates resulted in the formation of Ca-oxalates (weddellite CaC 2 O 4 ·2(H 2 O), whewellite (CaC 2 O 4 ·(H 2 O)) and glushinskite MgC 2 O 4 ·2(H 2 O) associated with the destruction of the original hard substrates and their replacement by the new minerals. Both of Ca and Mg were mobilized from the experimental substrates by fungi. This metal mobilization involved a recycling of substrate metals into newly formed minerals. The biochemical and diagenetic results of the interaction strongly marked the attacked substrates with a biological fingerprint. Such fingerprints are biomarkers of primitive life. The formation of glushinskite is of specific importance that is related, besides its importance as a biomineral bearing a recycled Mg, to the possibility of its transformation through diagenetic pathway Correspondence to: K. Kolo (kakolo@vub.ac.be) into an Mg carbonate. This work is the first report on the in vitro formation of the mineral glushinskite through fungal interaction with carbonate and seawater substrates. Besides recording the detailed Raman signature of various crystal habits of Mg-and Ca-oxalates, the Raman spectroscopy proved two new crystal habits for glushinskite. The results of this work document the role of microorganisms as metal recyclers in biomineralization, neo-mineral formation, sediment diagenesis, bioweathering and in the production of mineral and diagenetic biomarkers. They also reveal the capacity of living fungi to interact with liquid substrates and precipitate new minerals.

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“…Such abundant synthesis of oxalic acid and associated calcium insolubilization has been observed with these two strains when they are grown on calcareous soil tn vitro (Lapeyrie et al, 1984). Calcium oxalate crystals have also been found embedded in the cell walls of Mucor mucedo (Urbanus, Van den Ende & Koch, 1978). This form of accumulation of calcium in the walls could be related to the greater calcium storage capacity of the older parts of the mycelium (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

CALCIUM ACCUMULATION BY TWO STRAINS, CALCICOLE AND CALCIFUGE, OF THE MYCORRHIZAL FUNGUS PAXILLUS INVOLUTUS

Lapeyrie

Bruchet

1986

New Phytologist

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SUMMARYPatterns of calcium accumulation have been compared between two strains of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus (Batsch. ex Fr.) Fr. Calcium accumulation during a period of growth on a substrate containing calcium paralleled that found in higher plants, with the calcifuge strain accumulating higher levels of calcium than the calcicole strain, especially in the older parts of the mycelium. In short-term uptake experiments, using mycelia grown on calcium free medium then placed for 3 h in various calcium solutions, this order was usually reversed with the calcicole strain accumulating higher levels than the calcifuge strain. Accumulation in relation to calcium concentration was biphasic, and was generally higher at 4 °C than at 24 °C. This is inconsistent with an equilibrium model based on passive mechanisms but is consistent with a model which has active calcium efflux balancing a large passive influx. The operation of this mechanism in mycorrhizal fungi could serve to protect calcifuge plants in calcareous situations.

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Calcium Oxalate Crystals in the Wall of Mucor mucedo

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Calcium in fungi

Calcium in fungi

In vitro formation of Ca-oxalates and the mineral glushinskite by fungal interaction with carbonate substrates and seawater

CALCIUM ACCUMULATION BY TWO STRAINS, CALCICOLE AND CALCIFUGE, OF THE MYCORRHIZAL FUNGUS PAXILLUS INVOLUTUS

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