Calcium phosphate control of REY patterns of siliceous-ooze-rich deep-sea sediments from the central equatorial Pacific

Paul, Sophie Anna Luise; Volz, Jessica; Bau, Michael; Köster, Male; Kasten, Sabine; Koschinsky, Andrea

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2019.02.019

Cited by 48 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…The results are similar to previously published REE data of pore waters at depth (>100 cmbsf) in the Cascadia margin (U1325 and U1329) (36) and the Bering Sea Slope (U1345) (37). The result suggests that the REY release from sediments and subsequent transfer into bioapatite during early diagenesis can occur in deep subsurface environments, comparable with previous results showing bioapatite REY enrichment, which develops at the SWI and intensifies systematically with depth (8,16).…”

Section: Rey-release Event In Deep Burial Environmentssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The most HREE-rich materials in the world are deep-sea sediments (termed REY-rich muds) (4)(5)(6). These deposits are not only currently identified in the Pacific (4)(5)(6)(7)(8) but recently also reported from the Indian (9) and northern Atlantic (10) oceans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…REY in deep marine settings have been suggested to have a seawater origin (5,15), but other studies have pointed out that the diffusion of REY from seawater into bioapatite is too slow to produce such high accumulations of REY (11,16), implying that REY-rich pore water may be the source. Dissolution of marine particles causes REY to be adsorbed onto bioapatite during early diagenesis, confirming that pore water is the principal source of REY in deep-sea sediments (5,8,11,17,18). To the best of our knowledge, there has been little attention paid to REY of pore water in REY-rich muds, contributing to the lack of understanding of the sources and mechanisms responsible for the accumulation of REY in deep-sea sediments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early diagenetic control on the enrichment and fractionation of rare earth elements in deep-sea sediments

et al. 2022

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The rare earth elements and yttrium (REY) in bioapatite from deep-sea sediments are potential proxies for reconstructing paleoenvironmental conditions. However, the REY enrichment mechanism and the reliability of this tracer remain elusive because of the lack of key information from ambient pore water. Here, we report high-resolution geochemical data for pore water, bottom water, and bioapatite from deep-sea sites in the western Pacific. Our results reveal that the benthic flux of REY from the deep sea is less substantial than from the shallow marine realm, resulting in REY-rich sediment. The depth distribution of REY in pore water is opposite to that of bioapatite, and REY patterns and neodymium isotopic compositions are not uniformly distributed within bioapatite. These results indicate alteration of REY and neodymium isotopic compositions during early diagenesis. Therefore, we infer that REY from bioapatite are not robust recorders of the deep marine environment through Earth’s history.

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Section: Rey-release Event In Deep Burial Environmentssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early diagenetic control on the enrichment and fractionation of rare earth elements in deep-sea sediments

et al. 2022

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“…The results show that the REY patterns of deep-sea sediments are similar to those of marine phosphates. The higher the content of ΣREY, the closer their REY patterns are [6,12,25]. The P in deep-sea sediments mainly exists in the form of REYrich phosphate, and changes in the P content have a significant influence on the content and patterns of REY [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism and Influencing Factors of REY Enrichment in Deep-Sea Sediments

et al. 2021

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Deep-sea sediments with high contents of rare-earth elements and yttrium (REY) are expected to serve as a potential resource for REY, which have recently been proved to be mainly contributed by phosphate component. Studies have shown that the carriers of REY in deep-sea sediments include aluminosilicate, Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides, and phosphate components. The ∑REY of the phosphate component is 1–2 orders of magnitude higher than those of the other two carriers, expressed as ∑REY = 0.001 × [Al2O3] − 0.002 × [MnO] + 0.056 × [P2O5] − 32. The sediment P2O5 content of 1.5% explains 89.1% of the total variance of the sediment ∑REY content. According to global data, P has a stronger positive correlation with ∑REY compared with Mn, Fe, Al, etc.; 45.5% of samples have a P2O5 content of less than 0.25%, and ∑REY of not higher than 400 ppm. The ∑REY of the phosphate component reaches n × 104 ppm, much higher than that of marine phosphorites and lower than that of REY-phosphate minerals, which are called REY-rich phosphates in this study. The results of microscopic observation and separation by grain size indicate that the REY-rich phosphate component is mainly composed of bioapatite. When ∑REY > 2000 ppm, the average CaO/P2O5 ratio of the samples is 1.55, indicating that the phosphate composition is between carbonate fluoroapatite and hydroxyfluorapatite. According to a knowledge map of sediment elements, the phosphate component is mainly composed of P, Ca, Sr, REY, Sc, U, and Th, and its chemical composition is relatively stable. The phosphate component has a negative Ce anomaly and positive Y anomaly, and a REY pattern similar to that of marine phosphorites and seawater. After the early diagenesis process (biogeochemistry, adsorption, desorption, transformation, and migration), the REY enrichment in the phosphate component is completed near the seawater/sediment interface. In the process of REY enrichment, the precipitation and enrichment of P is critical. According to current research progress, the REY enrichment is the result of comprehensive factors, including low sedimentation rate, high ∑REY of the bottom seawater, a non-carbonate depositional environment, oxidation conditions, and certain bottom current conditions.

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“…Dating back to the 1960s, three aspects of this type of deposit have been questioned frequently: (1) Is the occurrence of REY due to isomorphic substitution or adsorption? Some studies show that REY enters the lattice of apatite Mainly by isomorphic substitution [2,[5][6][7][8]. Phase analysis showed that 97% of the total REY is present in francolite [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

REE Geochemical Characteristic of Apatite: Implications for Ore Genesis of the Zhijin Phosphorite

et al. 2020

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Phosphorite-type rare earth deposits, which are one of the important types of rare earth elements (REE) ore deposits, have attracted increasing attention because of the extreme enrichments in heavy rare earth elements (HREE), including Yttrium (Y). In this study, in situ geochemical analyses of apatite grains from Zhijin phosphorites were conducted using electron probe microanalysis (EMPA) and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). Based on EPMA mapping analysis, we show that rare earth elements and Yttrium (REY) entering into the crystal lattice by isomorphism rather than by inclusions of REY-bearing accessory minerals. The post-Archean Australian Shales (PAAS)-normalized REY patterns of the apatite grains are characterized by hat-shaped MREE-enriched patterns. We interpret that this pattern may reflect the REE distribution of seawater at that time. We propose that in a local, reducing environment, dramatically increased the concentration of REY in seawater, and resulted in the MREE-enriched patterns in the ancient ocean. The main mechanism for the genesis of the Zhijin phosphorite deposit is the apatite crystallizes during the mixing process of REY- and P-rich fluid and oxidizing seawater.

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Calcium phosphate control of REY patterns of siliceous-ooze-rich deep-sea sediments from the central equatorial Pacific

Cited by 48 publications

References 87 publications

Early diagenetic control on the enrichment and fractionation of rare earth elements in deep-sea sediments

Early diagenetic control on the enrichment and fractionation of rare earth elements in deep-sea sediments

Mechanism and Influencing Factors of REY Enrichment in Deep-Sea Sediments

REE Geochemical Characteristic of Apatite: Implications for Ore Genesis of the Zhijin Phosphorite

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