Calcium-rich hypha encrustations on Piloderma

Arocena, J. M.; Glowa, K. R.; Massicotte, Hugues B.

doi:10.1007/s005720000082

Cited by 41 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Oxalate produced by ECM is an active agent of mineral weathering because of its high complexing capability (Cromack Jr. et al 1979;Robert and Berthelin 1986;Lapeyrie 1988). In a related study, we have found that verrucose and angular ornamentations in Piloderma ECM mostly appear to be crystals of Caoxalate complexes (Arocena et al 2001). …”

Section: Mineral Composition Of Ecs and N-ecm Soilsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Other ECM such as S. variegatus on P. sylvestris seedlings reportedly enhanced the uptake of K more from biotite than microcline (Wallander and Wickman 1999). Calcium-rich encrustations on Piloderma hyphae might prevent the buildup of toxic levels of calcium and oxalate (Arocena et al 1999(Arocena et al , 2001. Piloderma associates with subalpine fir in the same area where it was found on hybrid spruce; it is possible that it has a similar role in the rhizosphere zones of both tree species.…”

Section: Ectomycorrhizal Colonizationmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Properties of soils influenced by ectomycorrhizal fungi in hybrid spruce [Picea glauca × engelmannii (Moench.) Voss]

Glowa¹,

Arocena²,

Massicotte³

2004

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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[91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102]. Soil properties of rhizosphere zones in coniferous forests are influenced by the presence of ectomycorrhizae. To elucidate the role of ectomycorrhizae (ECM) on the alteration of chemical and mineralogical properties of soils, soil pH, total C and N, cation exchange capacity, and the contents of mica, chlorite, and kaolinite, 2:1 type expandable clays, and amorphous minerals were compared in two soils, soils influenced by ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECS) and non-ectomycorrhizosphere soils (N-ECM) of Picea glauca x engelmannii (Moench.) Voss. Specifically, the two ECS soils were dominated by (1) Piloderma spp. (ECS-A) and (2) Inocybe lacera-like and Hebeloma-like morphotypes or where Piloderma spp. colonization was <1% (ECS-B). Our results showed that pH was lower in ECS compared to N-ECM samples. Total C and N were significantly higher in ECS soils than N-ECM samples. Cation exchange capacity as well as exchangeable K + , and Na + were higher in ECS compared to N-ECM soils. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the amount of 2:1 expanding clays (vermiculite and smectite) was higher in ECS than N-ECM samples and results suggest that there is an enhanced transformation of mica and chlorite to 2:1 type expandable clays in ECS samples when compared to N-ECM samples. The differences in chemical and mineralogical properties between ECS and N-ECM soils, in our study, support earlier studies that show ectomycorrhizal fungi can alter the properties of soils in the rhizosphere zone.

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Section: Mineral Composition Of Ecs and N-ecm Soilsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Ectomycorrhizal Colonizationmentioning

confidence: 92%

Properties of soils influenced by ectomycorrhizal fungi in hybrid spruce [Picea glauca × engelmannii (Moench.) Voss]

Glowa¹,

Arocena²,

Massicotte³

2004

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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“…The biomineralized fungal hyphae lose their flexibility and become brittle, probably leading to the death of the affected hyphae. Arocena et al (2001) suggested the deposition of Ca-oxalates on the fungal hyphae surfaces as a protection against dehydration and grazing. The crystals adhere strongly to fungal hyphae, resisting even the mechanical force during extraction.…”

Section: A Ca-oxalatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro formation of Ca-oxalates and the mineral glushinskite by fungal interaction with carbonate substrates and seawater

Kolo

Claeys

2005

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. This study investigates the in vitro formation of Ca-oxalates and glushinskite through fungal interaction with carbonate substrates and seawater as a process of biologically induced metal recycling and neo-mineral formation. The study also emphasizes the role of the substrates as metal donors. In the first experiment, thin sections prepared from dolomitic rock samples of Terwagne Formation (Carboniferous, Viséan, northern France) served as substrates. The thin sections placed in Petri dishes were exposed to fungi grown from naturally existing airborne spores. In the second experiment, fungal growth and mineral formation was monitored using only standard seawater (SSW) as a substrate. Fungal growth media consisted of a high protein/carbohydrates and sugar diet with demineralized water for irrigation. Fungal growth process reached completion under uncontrolled laboratory conditions. The newly formed minerals and textural changes caused by fungal attack on the carbonate substrates were investigated using light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The fungal interaction and attack on the dolomitic and seawater substrates resulted in the formation of Ca-oxalates (weddellite CaC 2 O 4 ·2(H 2 O), whewellite (CaC 2 O 4 ·(H 2 O)) and glushinskite MgC 2 O 4 ·2(H 2 O) associated with the destruction of the original hard substrates and their replacement by the new minerals. Both of Ca and Mg were mobilized from the experimental substrates by fungi. This metal mobilization involved a recycling of substrate metals into newly formed minerals. The biochemical and diagenetic results of the interaction strongly marked the attacked substrates with a biological fingerprint. Such fingerprints are biomarkers of primitive life. The formation of glushinskite is of specific importance that is related, besides its importance as a biomineral bearing a recycled Mg, to the possibility of its transformation through diagenetic pathway Correspondence to: K. Kolo (kakolo@vub.ac.be) into an Mg carbonate. This work is the first report on the in vitro formation of the mineral glushinskite through fungal interaction with carbonate and seawater substrates. Besides recording the detailed Raman signature of various crystal habits of Mg-and Ca-oxalates, the Raman spectroscopy proved two new crystal habits for glushinskite. The results of this work document the role of microorganisms as metal recyclers in biomineralization, neo-mineral formation, sediment diagenesis, bioweathering and in the production of mineral and diagenetic biomarkers. They also reveal the capacity of living fungi to interact with liquid substrates and precipitate new minerals.

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“…Barker and Banfield, 1996); and (3) symbiotic functions of fungus to regulate soil chemistry such as phosphorus availability (e.g. Arnott, 1995;Arocena et al, 2001). The formation of CO on fungal hyphae has both external and intracellular origin (Arocena et al, 2001;Arnott, 1995).…”

Section: Calcium Oxalate Accumulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arnott, 1995;Arocena et al, 2001). The formation of CO on fungal hyphae has both external and intracellular origin (Arocena et al, 2001;Arnott, 1995). Robert and Berthelin (1986) reported the presence of CO near the vicinity of weathered biotite.…”

Section: Calcium Oxalate Accumulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral accumulations induced by biological activity on granitic rocks in Qinghai Plateau, China

Arocena

Zhu

Hall³

2003

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Fragments of weathered granitic rocks from the Kunlun Shan, Qinghai Plateau (China) were investigated to elucidate the influence of biotic crusts on the breakdown of granitic rocks in an alpine environment. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive system and X-ray diffractometry were used to describe the nature and properties of mineral accumulations on the rock surface. Results showed that organic salts such as calcium oxalate and calcium formate are associated with Aspicilia caesiocinera (Nyl.ex Malbr.) Arnold, Caloplaca sp., Xanthoria elegans (Link) Th.Fr., and Lecidea plana (Lahm) Nyl. Secondary accumulations of 2 : 1 clays minerals are found in A. caesiocinera while oxides of manganese are associated with X. elegans. Coatings of goethite (iron oxides) are believed to form from biological activity associated with the presence of hyphae and rodlet structures on the flakes. Calcium oxalate crystallizes into several morphologies such as druse, hexagonal plates, and lenticular containing between 20 and 48 per cent calcium by weight. Calcium formate and iron oxide (goethite) occur together in the form of 'red' desert varnish. Observed 'black' coatings contain as much as 37 per cent manganese and 22 per cent iron. Clay accumulations have plate-like morphology and contain c. 2 : 1 silicon to aluminium contents. We argue that organic acids from the activities of biotic crusts contribute to the breakdown of granitic rocks. Fungi accelerate the breakdown of granitic rocks through the growth of fungal hyphae along the 001 cleavage planes in primary chloritic minerals.

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Calcium-rich hypha encrustations on Piloderma

Cited by 41 publications

References 11 publications

Properties of soils influenced by ectomycorrhizal fungi in hybrid spruce [Picea glauca × engelmannii (Moench.) Voss]

Properties of soils influenced by ectomycorrhizal fungi in hybrid spruce [Picea glauca × engelmannii (Moench.) Voss]

In vitro formation of Ca-oxalates and the mineral glushinskite by fungal interaction with carbonate substrates and seawater

Mineral accumulations induced by biological activity on granitic rocks in Qinghai Plateau, China

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