Calculated Energy Requirements of Lactating and Non-Lactating Hereford Cows

Neville, W. E.; McCullough, M.E.

doi:10.2527/jas1969.295823x

Cited by 39 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Hence, for calculating nutrient requirements for separate functions, a has to be distributed judiciously among the two predictor variables used in the model so that prediction error remains at a minimum while forcing the equation through a zero intercept. This was done by forcing the regression equation through the origin using a model of the type used or recommended by others12, 20–25 for partitioning of nutrient intake for estimation of requirement. The model has the form where Y is intake of ME, CP or MP (kJ or g d −1 ); X 1 is MBW (kg); X 2 is ADG (g); the regression coefficient b 1 is the estimate of requirements for maintenance (kJ or g kg −1 MBW); the regression coefficient b 2 is the estimate of requirements for body weight gain (kJ or g g −1 gain).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy and protein requirements of growing Nili‐Ravi buffalo heifers in tropical environment

Paul¹,

Patil²

2007

J Sci Food Agric

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Thirty Nili-Ravi buffalo heifers (average initial weight 119 kg) were used to assess energy and protein requirements for maintenance and growth. The calves were randomly divided into six equal groups and were fed six diets consisting of three levels of energy (55%, 60% and 65% total digestible nutrient -TDN) in ration and two levels of protein (10% and 12% crude protein -CP) in ration in factorial arrangement ad libitum until they attained 400 kg body weight. Energy and protein requirements at different stages of growth were estimated by partitioning of the metabolizable energy (ME), CP and metabolizable protein (MP) intake for maintenance and body weight gain by regression analysis. All of the multiple regression equations derived for different body weight ranges were highly significant (P < 0.01) and had high R 2 values. The ME (

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy and protein requirements of growing Nili‐Ravi buffalo heifers in tropical environment

Paul¹,

Patil²

2007

J Sci Food Agric

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“…Predicted daily total TDN requirements for lighter weight cows differed markedly from those suggested by Neville and McCullough (1969), Neville (1974), Turner (1974) andNRC (1976). Some of the differences are no doubt due to environmental effects.…”

Section: Kglcowmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…The NRC (1976) recommendations are specified for an average climate with the understanding that adjustments will be needed for environmental variation. In Missouri, Turner (1974) found that small cows (407 kg) had higher energy requirements than those reported by Neville and McCullough (1969) and Neville (1974) for small cows in Georgia and NRC (1976), but still needed approximately .8 kg/d less than results The values of the MWT exponents calculated in all periods were considerably lower than exponents reported by Brody and Proctor (1935), Winchester and Hendricks (1953) and Kleiber (1961). In 1966, the NRC adopted .75 as the exponent used with body weight for the calculation of metabolic weight (NRC, 1966).…”

Section: Neville Andmentioning

confidence: 80%

Prediction of Daily Total Digestible Nutrient Requirement of Beef Cows in Northern Climates

Anderson

Jost

Dinkel

et al. 1983

Journal of Animal Science

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Calculated energy consumed in 284 cow yr by individually fed Angus, Charolais and reciprocal cross cows was partitioned into m~intenance, weight change and milk production requirements. Total digestible nutrient (TDN) consumed in 94 heifer yr was partitioned into maintenance and weight change requirements.The cow year was subdivided into midgestation, late gestation and lactation periods that were 69 + 1, 90 + 0 and 203 -+ 1 d long, respectively. Variables affecting TDN intake (P<.25) in all periods studied were mean body weight (MWT), weight change and age of dam. Previous parity influenced TDN consumption during midgestation and milk production influenced TDN consumption during lactation. Mean body weight was evaluated by three methods as one of the variables influencing TDN consumption; MWT 1"~176 MWT to a fractional exponent (MWTx) calculated from the data and MWT with the regression line forced through the origin (zero intercept) were substituted in the multiple regression model. Equations were used to predict daily TDN for cows over a range of weights. Results indicate that method of analysis influenced predicted daily TDN requirements. Use of MWT 1"~176 and MWTx resulted in similar predictions, while the zero intercept technique underestimated energy requirements for small cows and overestimated energy requirements for large cows. Inclusion of an intercept allowed the best fitting regression line to intersect the Y axis at the point determined i Published with the approval of the Director of the South Dakota Agr. Exp. Sta. as Pub. No. 1762 of the Journal Ser. Cooperative with and a contribution from Regional Project NC-1.

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“…Os valores de EMm obtidos neste trabalho encontram-se na faixa de variação encontrada na literatura para vacas de corte de diversas raças: 178 kcal/kg 0,75 /dia PCVZ para vacas Hereford (Neville & McCullough, 1969); 137 kcal/kg0,75/dia PCVZ, para vacas Charolês e Hereford (Klosterman et al, 1968) A exigência de energia de mantença, quando expressa em energia metabolizável (EMm), está sujeita a variações referentes às diferenças na eficiência com que a EM é utilizada para mantença (Km). Esta eficiência, em grande parte, é influenciada pela concentração de EM da ração.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Exigência de energia de mantença e composição corporal e do ganho de vacas de corte adultas de três grupos genéticos confinadas

Siqueira¹,

Fontes²,

Pereira³

et al. 2007

R. Bras. Zootec.

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RESUMO -Neste trabalho, foram estimadas as exigências de mantença de energia líquida (ELm) e metabolizável (EMm) e as mudanças na composição corporal e no ganho de vacas adultas não-gestantes e não-lactantes confinadas.Foram utilizadas 36 vacas, 12 Nelore (NEL), 12 F1 Pardo-Suíço-Nelore (PSN) e 12 F1 Red Angus-Nelore (RAN). As alterações na composição corporal dos animais durante o período experimental foram estimadas utilizando-se a técnica do abate comparativo: quatro animais de cada grupo genético foram alocados, aleatoriamente, nos tratamentos abate inicial (AI), alimentação restrita (AR) e alimentação ad libitum (AL). Os animais AR receberam, no período experimental, níveis de proteína e energia 15% acima da mantença e os AL, ração ad libitum, para ganho de 1,1 kg/dia. Os animais AI foram abatidos no início do experimento e os AR e AL 120 dias depois. Em todos os animais abatidos, foram estimadas as proporções corporais dos tecidos muscular, adiposo e ósseo, além dos conteúdos corporais de proteína, gordura e energia. Na estimação da ELm e da EMm, foram empregados modelos linear e não-linear. Os grupos genéticos não diferiram quanto às exigências de ELm e EMm, expressas em peso vivo em jejum (kcal/kg 0,75 /dia PVJ). Quando utilizados os modelos linear e não-linear, os valores de ELm encontrados foram de 80,7 e 83,6 kcal/kg 0,75 /dia PVJ e os de EMm, 109,9 e 128,0 kcal/kg 0,75 /dia PVJ, respectivamente. Os conteúdos de proteína por unidade de peso corpo vazio (PCVZ) e do ganho (GPCVZ) não diferiram entre os grupos genéticos, porém, os animais NEL apresentaram maior concentração de gordura e energia por kg PCVZ e GPVCZ para mesmo peso vivo.Palavras-chave: energia líquida, energia metabolizável, Nelore, Pardo-Suíço, Red Angus Maintenance energy requirements and body and gain composition of adults beef cows from three genetic groupsABSTRACT -This research aimed to estimate the maintenance requirements of net energy (NEm) and metabolizable energy (MEm), and the changes in body and gain composition of confined adults non-pregnant and nonlactant beef cows. Thirty six cows were used, 12 were Nellore (NEL), 12 F1 Brown Swiss-Nellore (BSN) and 12 F1 Red Angus-Nellore (RAN). The comparative slaughter method was utilized to estimate the changes of animal body chemical composition during the experimental period. Four animals from each breed group were randomly allocated to the treatments: initial slaughter (IS), restrict feeding (RF) and ad libitum feeding (AL). The RF animals received levels of energy and protein 15% above maintenance during the experimental period, while the AL group was fed ad libitum, to gain 1.1 kg liveweight (LW) daily. The IS animals were slaughtered at the beginning of the experimental period, and those from RF and AL treatments were slaughtered 120 days latter.

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Calculated Energy Requirements of Lactating and Non-Lactating Hereford Cows

Cited by 39 publications

References 2 publications

Energy and protein requirements of growing Nili‐Ravi buffalo heifers in tropical environment

Energy and protein requirements of growing Nili‐Ravi buffalo heifers in tropical environment

Prediction of Daily Total Digestible Nutrient Requirement of Beef Cows in Northern Climates

Exigência de energia de mantença e composição corporal e do ganho de vacas de corte adultas de três grupos genéticos confinadas

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