Calculated-Experimental Model for Multilayer Shield

Al-Arif, Maan S.; Kakil, Diyaree O.

doi:10.14500/aro.10057

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…where µ i is the linear attenuation coefficient of the ith layer, x i is the thickness of the ith layer, and N is the total number of layers in the composites [29], which depicted that the values of ∑ N i µ i x i for the multi-layered structures (using information from Tables 1 and 4) were larger than that of the single-layered sample. For instance, sample#4 had the value of ∑ N i µ i x i of 0.6804, while sample#1 had the value of 0.5687, leading to a lower I/I 0 and better X-ray shielding capabilities in sample#4.…”

Section: Final I/i 0 Of Multi-layered Bi 2 O 3 /Nr Compositesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Comparative X-ray Shielding Properties of Single-Layered and Multi-Layered Bi2O3/NR Composites: Simulation and Numerical Studies

2022

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This work theoretically compared the X-ray attenuation capabilities in natural rubber (NR) composites containing bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) by determining the effects of multi-layered structures on the shielding properties of the composites using two different software packages (XCOM and PHITS). The shielding properties of the single-layered and multi-layered Bi2O3/NR composites investigated consisted of the transmission factor (I/I0), effective linear attenuation coefficient (µeff), effective mass attenuation coefficient (µm,eff), and effective half-value layer (HVLeff). The results, with good agreement between those obtained from XCOM and PHITS (with less than 5% differences), indicated that the three-layered NR composites (sample#4), with the layer arrangement of pristine NR (layer#1)-Bi2O3/NR (layer#2)-pristine NR (layer#3), had relatively higher X-ray shielding properties than either a single-layer or the other multi-layered structures for all X-ray energies investigated (50, 100, 150, and 200 keV) due to its relatively larger effective percentage by weight of Bi2O3 in the composites. Furthermore, by varying the Bi2O3 contents in the middle layer (layer#2) of sample#4 from 10 to 90 wt.%, the results revealed that the overall X-ray shielding properties of the NR composites were further enhanced with additional filler, as evidenced by the highest values of µeff and µm,eff and the lowest values of I/I0 and HVLeff observed in the 90 wt.% Bi2O3/NR composites. In addition, the recommended Bi2O3 contents for the actual production of three-layered Bi2O3/NR composites (the same layer structure as sample#4) were determined by finding the least Bi2O3 content that enabled the sample to attenuate incident X-rays with equal efficiency to that of a 0.5-mm lead sheet (with an effective lead equivalence of 0.5 mmPb). The results suggested that the recommended Bi2O3 contents in layer#2 were 82, 72, and 64 wt.% for the combined 6 mm, 9 mm, and 12 mm samples, respectively.

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Section: Final I/i 0 Of Multi-layered Bi 2 O 3 /Nr Compositesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Comparative X-ray Shielding Properties of Single-Layered and Multi-Layered Bi2O3/NR Composites: Simulation and Numerical Studies

2022

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“…Objective function was defined as the gamma attenuation of doublelayer materials in a narrow (Figure 1(a)) and board beam (Figure 1(b)) [11].…”

Section: Mathematical Format For Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calculation of Lead-Iron Double-Layer Thickness for Gamma-Ray Shielding by MATLAB Program

Lekchaum

Locharoenrat

2017

Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations

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This contribution is aimed at designing the optimal thickness of lead-iron double-layer container to store a radioactive waste releasing the photon energy at 1.3325 MeV and initial radiation intensity at 100 mSv/hr using the optimization design by MATLAB software. This design consisted of three parts of calculations to achieve 1000 times the radiation attenuation of container. The first was the logarithmic interpolation for the mass attenuation coefficient. The second was the bilogarithmic interpolation for the exposure buildup factor. The third was the contour-plotting analytical technique for the optimal thickness of radiation container. The values of mass attenuation coefficient and exposure buildup factor were exactly validated as compared with the standard reference database. Furthermore, we have found that the optimal thickness was 3.2 cm for lead (1st layer) and 17.0 cm for iron (2nd layer). Container weight was 994.30 kg, whilst container cost was 167.30 USD. The benefit of our design can quickly and precisely apply for the radiation safety assessment of the occupational radiation workers who always work in the nuclear reactor area.

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“…Selection of proper shields against gamma radiations is important in nuclear accidents, nuclear reactors, research laboratories, medical institutions and high space. For instance, NASA proposed to develop a lightweight, multi-layer shield with an outer layer of polymer in order to protect people against galactic cosmic radiation during lunar missions [6]. Protection of people against x-rays in interventional procedures (imageguided procedures) and diagnostic radiology (Computed Tomography examinations) can be also done by polymer composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, the role of multi-layered materials in radiation protection is undeniable. Therefore, several authors have published reports, for example, for studying the radiation shieding of multi-layer metal/polymer composites [3], polymer-composite materials [2], metal multi-layered shields [6,10], light multi-layered shields [11], multi-layered shields containing poly boron and Borax mixed ilmenite-magnetic concrete [12], multi-layers of PbWO4/EPDM and Bi2WO6/ EPDM [13], multi-layer x-ray absorbers [14] and multi-layer structures for space proton radiation protection [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations of effective attenuation coefficients (EACs) of multi-layered polymers using Monte Carlo method

Vahabi¹,

Zafarghandi²

2020

Phys. Scr.

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In the present study, a Monte Carlo model has been developed to compute the EACs of some multi-layered materials, especially polymers for the first time. Different mono-energetic gamma rays with energy range between 59.5 and 1332.5 keV were considered to accomplish this goal. A comparison was made between the simulation results and those derived from a theoretical formula based on available measured attenuation coefficients and data taken from the XCOM program. A highly agreement was achieved. This study shows an improvement over Al-Arif an Kakil’s work, in the sense that the modified model is appropriate enough to estimate the EACs within ±1.5%. It was indicated that changing the order of the materials did not vary the results significantly. The results showed that the proposed model can be used to determine radiation properties of multi-layer polymers in cases where no analogous experimental data exist or it is expensive to test.

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Calculated-Experimental Model for Multilayer Shield

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Comparative X-ray Shielding Properties of Single-Layered and Multi-Layered Bi2O3/NR Composites: Simulation and Numerical Studies

Comparative X-ray Shielding Properties of Single-Layered and Multi-Layered Bi2O3/NR Composites: Simulation and Numerical Studies

Calculation of Lead-Iron Double-Layer Thickness for Gamma-Ray Shielding by MATLAB Program

Investigations of effective attenuation coefficients (EACs) of multi-layered polymers using Monte Carlo method

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