Calculation and Analysis of Frost Duration Times by Using Delphi Programming: A Case Study in Lorestan, Iran

Hejazizadeh, Zahra; Naserzadeh, M H

doi:10.3923/jas.2007.3831.3835

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In a study on frost duration in Iran, frosts with durations of 0-3 h represent 11.2-36.6% of all frost events in four sites, while frosts of 6-9 h make up 15.3-22.8% [103]. Frost duration, ranging between 0 and 24 h, had a skewed distribution, with a majority of frosts having a duration below 12 h (58.3-90.1%) in the four Iranian sites.…”

Section: Frost Exposure Timementioning

confidence: 95%

“…Additionally, in addition to the more complicated setup, the duration of the frosts seems to span a wide range. Thus, researchers that wish to estimate the effects of frosts in the field should use frost duration times between 1 and 12 h, 0-12 h being the most frequent [103] type of frost in nature, and should avoid durations below 1 h due to the non-linear effects [104]. Frost durations of 1-4 h cause similar levels of damage, with less damage below 1 h [104].…”

Section: Frost Exposure Timementioning

confidence: 99%

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Methods for Measuring Frost Tolerance of Conifers: A Systematic Map

Zamkova

Steele

Smith

2021

Forests

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Frost tolerance is the ability of plants to withstand freezing temperatures without unrecoverable damage. Measuring frost tolerance involves various steps, each of which will vary depending on the objectives of the study. This systematic map takes an overall view of the literature that uses frost tolerance measuring techniques in gymnosperms, focusing mainly on conifers. Many different techniques have been used for testing, and there has been little change in methodology since 2000. The gold standard remains the field observation study, which, due to its cost, is frequently substituted by other techniques. Closed enclosure freezing tests (all non-field freezing tests) are done using various types of equipment for inducing artificial freezing. An examination of the literature indicates that several factors have to be controlled in order to measure frost tolerance in a manner similar to observation in a field study. Equipment that allows controlling the freezing rate, frost exposure time and thawing rate would obtain results closer to field studies. Other important factors in study design are the number of test temperatures used, the range of temperatures selected and the decrements between the temperatures, which should be selected based on expected frost tolerance of the tissue and species.

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Section: Frost Exposure Timementioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Frost Exposure Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for Measuring Frost Tolerance of Conifers: A Systematic Map

Zamkova

Steele

Smith

2021

Forests

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A study of frost occurrence and minimum temperatures in Iran

et al. 2019

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In this research, the frequency of frost is analysed from 95 synoptic stations for the period 1990-2015. This information was categorised by a fuzzy c-approach clustering algorithm and indicated that Iran is classified into five clusters with the aid of the frost-occurrence frequencies. The greatest frequency of days with frost prevalence is located in Cluster 1 that consists of Sarab station with an average annual frequency of 141.1 days over the period 1990-2015. The least frequent is found in Cluster 5 that consists of the stations positioned along the south and north coasts. Spatial association for the frequency of incidence of frost days also includes a dependence on elevation and latitude of stations, as well as their situation inside the course of external synoptic systems, bodily and geomorphological features and local climate. Also, a study of daily minimum temperature displays a widespread warming trend at some stage during this period, and has discovered an increase in the index of the number of tropical nights, warmest nights and coldest nights and decreasing trends have been determined in the number of frost days, cool nights and cold spell period index over most regions of Iran.

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The Study of Frost Occurrence in Free State Province of South Africa

Moeletsi

Tongwane

Tsubo

2016

Advances in Meteorology

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The study investigated the cessation, onset, and duration of light, medium, and heavy frost in Free State province of South Africa using minimum temperatures from 1960 to 2015. Trends in the frost indices were assessed using the Man-Kendall test. Onset of frost varied spatially with earlier onset over the northern, eastern, and southeastern parts. Areas of early onset also experience late cessation of frost resulting in shorter growing period of less than 240 days. The western parts have longer growing period exceeding 240 days due to earlier cessation of frost and relatively late onset of frost. Trends for the frost-free period (growing period) show contrasting negative and positive trends with isolated significant trends.

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Calculation and Analysis of Frost Duration Times by Using Delphi Programming: A Case Study in Lorestan, Iran

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Methods for Measuring Frost Tolerance of Conifers: A Systematic Map

Methods for Measuring Frost Tolerance of Conifers: A Systematic Map

A study of frost occurrence and minimum temperatures in Iran

The Study of Frost Occurrence in Free State Province of South Africa

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