Quality of service (QoS) provisioning, especially delay guarantee, is particularly important to the explosive growth of Internet applications. Traditional QoS schemes include the per‐flow integrated services (IntServ) and per‐class differentiated services (DiffServ) as well as their variants. To address the scalability problem of IntServ and the coarse QoS granularity of DiffServ, we proposed the per‐packet differentiated queueing service. Although the three schemes all aim to provide delay guarantee, the network resource in terms of bandwidth and buffer required by them will vary because of their distinct service disciplines. Indeed, network resources are so precious especially in wireless networks, whereas QoS provisioning is so important that it is necessary to investigate the resource consumption of these schemes to find better QoS solutions for different kinds of networks. Therefore, QoS provisioning performance of the previous schemes should be modelled analytically. To this end, this paper derives the delay bound violation probability for these QoS schemes with the self‐similar and long‐range dependent traffic model because this traffic model can well approximate the Internet traffic, especially delay‐sensitive traffic. The minimum bandwidth and the buffer size suitable for delay guarantee are further derived. Numerical results show that differentiated queueing service consumes the least bandwidth resources and DiffServ can minimise the buffer size whereas IntServ can provide exactly QoS in per‐flow granularity. In this sense, there is a trade‐off between QoS granularity and bandwidth as well as buffer requirements for QoS provisioning. The analytical results are also studied through simulations. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.