Calculation of the emission power distribution of microstructured OLEDs using the reciprocity theorem

Zhang, Shuyu; Martins, Emiliano R.; Diyaf, Adel; Wilson, J.I.B.; Turnbull, Graham A.; Samuel, Ifor D. W.

doi:10.1016/j.synthmet.2015.03.035

Cited by 33 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The power P(θ, φ; r 1 ) emitted along the direction (θ, φ) by a randomly fluctuating dipole p 1 , which on average is isotropically oriented, placed at r 1 on the metasurface in far-field can then be calculated as [18,120]…”

Section: Calculating Radiative Enhancements Using the Reciprocity Primentioning

confidence: 99%

Light-emitting metasurfaces

et al. 2019

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Photonic metasurfaces, that is, two-dimensional arrangements of designed plasmonic or dielectric resonant scatterers, have been established as a successful concept for controlling light fields at the nanoscale. While the majority of research so far has concentrated on passive metasurfaces, the direct integration of nanoscale emitters into the metasurface architecture offers unique opportunities ranging from fundamental investigations of complex light-matter interactions to the creation of flat sources of tailored light fields. While the integration of emitters in metasurfaces as well as many fundamental effects occurring in such structures were initially studied in the realm of nanoplasmonics, the field has recently gained significant momentum following the development of Mie-resonant dielectric metasurfaces. Because of their low absorption losses, additional possibilities for emitter integration, and compatibility with semiconductor-based light-emitting devices, all-dielectric systems are promising for highly efficient metasurface light sources. Furthermore, a flurry of new emission phenomena are expected based on their multipolar resonant response. This review reports on the state of the art of light-emitting metasurfaces, covering both plasmonic and all-dielectric systems.

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Section: Calculating Radiative Enhancements Using the Reciprocity Primentioning

confidence: 99%

Light-emitting metasurfaces

et al. 2019

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“…When the dipole moment of the emitter inside the nanoparticle is p i , then the field well above or below the layer is described by an equivalent electrical dipole moment p e present in the medium with dielectric constant ε m . According to the reciprocity theorem [ 21 ], the external dipole moment p e and the internal dipole moment p i at position r are linked by the transposed tensor β :

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waveguiding of Photoluminescence in a Layer of Semiconductor Nanoparticles

et al. 2021

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Semiconductor nanoparticles (SNPs), such as quantum dots (QDs) and core/shell nanoparticles, have proven to be promising candidates for the development of next-generation technologies, including light-emitting diodes (LEDs), liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and solar concentrators. Typically, these applications use a sub-micrometer-thick film of SNPs to realize photoluminescence. However, our current knowledge on how this thin SNP layer affects the optical efficiency remains incomplete. In this work, we demonstrate how the thickness of the photoluminescent layer governs the direction of the emitted light. Our theoretical and experimental results show that the emission is fully outcoupled for sufficiently thin films (monolayer of SNPs), whereas for larger thicknesses (larger than one tenth of the wavelength) an important contribution propagates along the film that acts as a planar waveguide. These findings serve as a guideline for the smart design of diverse QD-based systems, ranging from LEDs, where thinner layers of SNPs maximize the light outcoupling, to luminescent solar concentrators, where a thicker layer of SNPs will boost the efficiency of light concentration.

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“…It needs to be mentioned that by using FTM (or other FEM method) angular intensity distribution (AID) of emitted light of OLED device in the far-field cannot be gained directly, only the total outcoupling efficiency and the Purcell factor can be calculated directly. For far field AID calculation, a reciprocity principle [34], [35] can be employed, that enables to calculate AID as a consequence of any single dipole (or continuous spatial emission by multiple dipoles) at any position in the OLED stack. For each plane wave entering from outside under specific angle of incidence, it can be recalculated (by knowing E field (simulations) at the dipole(s) location) how this dipole contributes to emission into this specific angle in the far field.…”

Section: Modelling Of Light In Thin Film Oled Stackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Dipole Position and Orientation on Light Extraction for Red OLEDs on Periodically Corrugated Substrate - FEM Simulations Study

Kovačič

2021

Informacije MIDEM

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One of the main efficiency-limiting factors for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) is poor light extraction, which typically reaches only 20% (in best cases up to 30%) in flat standard devices. Optical modeling and simulations play an important role in improving light extraction and optimizing outcoupling efficiency. Using FEM modeling approach, the effect of dipole positions and orientations for red OLEDs on periodically corrugated substrate is evaluated and used to enhance the outcoupling efficiency. It is shown that with only 3 carefully selected dipole positions, the outcoupling efficiency over the whole area can be predicted with very reasonable accuracy, which greatly reduces the number of simulations required. The presented modelling approach is used for optimization of the sine texture as a substrate corrugation structure. OLEDs with optimized simulated texture show a relative improvement of light outcoupling from the thin film stack to the substrate by more than 25% compared to the flat plane devices.

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Calculation of the emission power distribution of microstructured OLEDs using the reciprocity theorem

Cited by 33 publications

References 35 publications

Light-emitting metasurfaces

Light-emitting metasurfaces

Waveguiding of Photoluminescence in a Layer of Semiconductor Nanoparticles

Effect of Dipole Position and Orientation on Light Extraction for Red OLEDs on Periodically Corrugated Substrate - FEM Simulations Study

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