Calibrated ’’four-color’’ x-ray microscope for laser plasma diagnostics

Seward, F. D.; Boyle, M.; Koppel, L. N.; Harper, T.L.; Stoering, P.; Toor, A.

doi:10.1063/1.1134656

Cited by 53 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…In order that the (W, 0) combination selected be definitely on the flat, "hi-hresolution" branch of the ftoiKS) curve (Fig. 5), we select an 0 t greater than the 8 mix that maximizes 6 2n R 2 . If wc choose 8 a?% > 0 ma , such that B™R 2 (9 a?t , t) = O.Se^R 2^, , £), we ensure that the point selected is along the fat branch.…”

Section: {61mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kirkpatrick-Baez x-ray-microscope optimization for inertial-confinement-fusion applications

Price¹,

Priedhorsky²

1983

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Section: {61mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kirkpatrick-Baez x-ray microscopes (KBXRMS) are frequently mounted in the four-channel arrange ment of Seward et al 2 This arrangement (Fig. 2) provides four separate images, whose bandpasses are determined by the filter and reflector materials used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kirkpatrick-Baez x-ray-microscope optimization for inertial-confinement-fusion applications

Price¹,

Priedhorsky²

1983

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“…Source size (in the offset direction) must not be too large 3. Zone plate offset distance must be sufficiently large (r, < A, < 2r0),ll 4. Minimum linewidth must be as small as possible.…”

Section: Narrowband Techniques (Submicrometer Resolution)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro‐fresnel Structures for Microscopy of Laser Generated Bright X‐ray Sources*

Ceglio

1980

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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A gold micro-disk, 500 um in diameter, 15 un thick is irradiated with 1.06 ym 14 2 laser light at an intensity of ^ 3 x 10 watts/cm . The laser pulse width is 1 nsec, the pulse energy-v 450 joules. A detailed analysis of the lasertarget interaction physics leading to x-ray emission under these conditions is a matter of some complication, and is being actively pursued by a number of investigators. However, such a detailed analysis is unnecessary here. The major features of x-ray emission from such a target can be adequately charac terized by a very simple model. X-ray source parameters of interest to an x-ray microscopist are source spectrum, temporal duration, spatial extent, angular distribution, and x-ray conversion efficiency. These parameters have all been measured for the lasertarget conditions specified, and measured data are presented in Figure 1. A remarkably good fit to the measured x-ray results can be obtained by simply treating the laser-target interaction as producing a microscopic, equilibrium p plasma of temperature kT, determined by a macroscopic energy balance. The plasma radiates as a blackbody at temperature kT thereby accounting for the -2-shape of the measured spectrum (Figure 2). The duration of emission is deter-3 mined by the hydrodynamic disassembly and radiation cooling of the plasma.This leads to an x-ray emission duration roughly 1 to 2 times the laser pulse wloth for 1 nsec pulses. The spatial extent of the microscopic x-ray source is roughly the plasma expansion size during the 1-2 nsec emission period, i.e. a plasma cylinder ^-0 pm diameter, % 100 pm thick. Treating the "plasma cylinder" as an optically thick x-ray source is sufficient to account for the observed angular distribution froi*. t!a laser generated source. The x-ray emis sion angular distribution is fou.id to be a broad lobe in the forward direction (i.e. back toward the incident laser beam) (with roughly 4-5 times as much emission (joules/Sr) in the forward direction as out to the side (i.e. normal to the incidient laser beam).This simple model for the laser generated x-ray source as a microscopic equilibrium plasma radiating as a blackbody for a finite time determined by its hydrodynamic disassembly and radiation losses, although adequate for a descrip tion of the spectrum, duration, size and angular distribution of the x-ray emission, cannot easily provide quantitative clues to laser light absorption and x-ray conversion efficiency in such experiments, It is generally found that for the laser-target parameters under consideration roughly 5055 of the incident laser light is absorbed and roughly 36% of the absorbed energy is radiated in the x-ray band from 100-1500 eV. X-ray Microscopy of Laser Generated Microscopic PlasmasAt the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, we are focussing intense laser beams onto microscopic targets not to produce x-ray sources for microscopy, but in stead to Ignite -thermonuclear reactions on a microscopic scale. Our typical Spectral discrimination is achieved by varying mirror surface materials ...

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“…Note that implosion is from one side only, that it converges near target center, and that disassembly is two-sided, albeit asymmetric. The initial target had a 68-/2 m diameter, 0.57-^m wall, and a DT fill of 1.82 mg/cm 3 own x-ray emission, were formed with a 6-p.mdiam, 50 x -magnification pinhole camera, and recorded with our 15-psec x-ray streak camera. 5 The pinhole alignment procedure and details of the specially fabricated pinholes are described by Attwood, Weinstein, and Wuerker.…”

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confidence: 99%