Calibration and Validation of Two Tidal Sand Wave Models: A Case Study of The Netherlands Continental Shelf

Campmans, Gerhardus Hermanus Petrus; Dijk, T.A.G.P. van; Roos, Pieter C.; Hulscher, Suzanne J.M.H.

doi:10.3390/jmse10121902

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In the current settings, 100 years of simulation time takes about 1 month on an intel Xeon 2.10 GHz Linux computer. Several 2DV finite‐height studies have suggested calibrations to obtain a better match with observations (Campmans et al., 2022; Krabbendam et al., 2021), but the long simulation time restricts the number of runs that can be done.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Background Topography Affects the Degree of Three‐Dimensionality of Tidal Sand Waves

Krabbendam,

Nnafie,

Borsje

et al. 2023

JGR Earth Surface

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Offshore tidal sand waves on the sandy bed of shallow continental shelf seas are more three‐dimensional (3D) in some places than others, where 3D refers to a pattern that shows variations in three spatial directions. Such sand waves have crestlines that meander, split or merge. The degree of three‐dimensionality seems to vary especially when large‐scale bedforms, such as tidal sand banks, are present underneath the sand waves. Understanding this behavior is important for offshore activities, such as offshore windfarm construction or the maintenance of navigation channels. In this study, the degree of three‐dimensionality of sand waves at five sites in the North Sea is quantified with a new measure. Results show that tidal sand waves on top of tidal sand banks are more two‐dimensional (2D) than those on bank slopes or in open areas. These differences in sand wave pattern are supported by numerical simulations performed with a new long‐term sand wave model. The primary cause of these differences is attributed to the deflection of tidal flow over a sand bank, which causes sand wave crests to be more aligned with the bank at its top than at its slopes. It is subsequently made plausible that the different patterns result from the competition between two known mechanisms. These mechanisms are nonlinear interactions between sand waves themselves (SW‐SW interactions) and nonlinear interactions between sand banks and sand waves (SB‐SW interactions). On bank tops, SB‐SW interactions favor a 2D pattern, while SW‐SW interactions, which elsewhere produce a 3D pattern, are less effective.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Background Topography Affects the Degree of Three‐Dimensionality of Tidal Sand Waves

Krabbendam,

Nnafie,

Borsje

et al. 2023

JGR Earth Surface

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the current settings, 100 years of simulation time takes about 1 month on an intel Xeon 2.10 GHz Linux computer. Several 2DV finite-height studies have suggested calibrations to obtain a better match with observations (Campmans et al, 2022;Krabbendam et al, 2021), but the long simulation time restricts the number of runs that can be done.…”

Section: Remarks About the Design Of The Sand Wave Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Background Topography Affects the Degree of Three-Dimensionality of Tidal Sand Waves

Nnafie,

Krabbendam,

Borsje

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Offshore tidal sand waves on the sandy bed of shallow continental shelf seas are more three-dimensional (3D) in some places than others, where 3D refers to a pattern that shows variations in three spatial directions. These sand waves often display meandering, splitting, or merging crestlines. The degree of three-dimensionality seems to vary especially when large-scale bedforms, such as tidal sand banks, are present underneath the sand waves. Understanding this behavior is important for offshore activities, such as offshore wind farm construction or the maintenance of navigation channels. In this study, the degree of three-dimensionality of sand waves at five sites in the North Sea is quantified with a new measure. Results show that tidal sand waves on top of tidal sand banks are more two-dimensional (2D) than those on bank slopes or in open areas. Numerical simulations performed with a new long-term sand wave model support these differences in sand wave patterns. The primary cause of these differences is attributed to the deflection of tidal flow over a sand bank, which causes sand wave crests to be more aligned with the bank at its top than at its slopes. It is subsequently made plausible that the different patterns result from the competition between two known mechanisms. These mechanisms are nonlinear interactions between sand waves themselves (SW-SW interactions) and nonlinear interactions between sand banks and sand waves (SB-SW interactions). On bank tops, SB-SW interactions favor a 2D pattern, while SW-SW interactions, which produce a 3D pattern elsewhere, are less effective.

show abstract

“…In the current settings, 100 years of simulation time takes about 1 month on an intel Xeon 2.10 GHz Linux computer. Several 2DV finite-height studies have suggested calibrations to obtain a better match with observations Campmans et al, 2022), but the long simulation time restricts the number of runs that can be done.…”

Section: Remarks About the Design Of The Sand Wave Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term dynamics of tidal sand waves

Krabbendam

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Tidal sand waves are bedforms that have been observed at the sandy bed of shallow seas all over the world. They have heights (vertical distance between crest and trough) of several meters and lengths (crest-to-crest distance) of hundreds of meters. Sand waves can migrate with several meters per year. Sometimes they move into navigation channels or uncover cables and pipelines, causing them to be at risk to be damaged. Therefore, understanding sand wave dynamics is crucial. Currently, decisions are being made based on the extrapolation of historical trends, which has large uncertainties. In this study, it was investigated whether an existing sand wave model was able to accurately reproduce historical sand wave behaviour. This model gave good results when calibrated with site-specific data. Sand waves are often removed by dredging and it remained unclear whether they can recover after this. The analysis of dredged sand waves in the North Sea revealed that in some areas, they recover within a few decades. In other areas, there was no sign of recovery during the measurement period. This was likely due large water depths, strong currents and/or a lack of sand. Results from a new 3D sand wave model demonstrate that large-scale sand banks influence sand wave patterns, as sand waves on top of sand banks have straight crests, whereas they have curvy crests when banks are not present. Finally, model results show that sand wave patterns are also influenced by the availability of sand: a limited availability results in intermittent crests that are spaced further apart. All of these model results are consistent with observations.

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Calibration and Validation of Two Tidal Sand Wave Models: A Case Study of The Netherlands Continental Shelf

Cited by 4 publications

References 36 publications

Background Topography Affects the Degree of Three‐Dimensionality of Tidal Sand Waves

Background Topography Affects the Degree of Three‐Dimensionality of Tidal Sand Waves

Background Topography Affects the Degree of Three-Dimensionality of Tidal Sand Waves

Long-term dynamics of tidal sand waves

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