Calibration-free analysis of immersed brass alloys using long-ns-duration pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy with and without correction for nonstoichiometric ablation

Abstract

a b s t r a c t Keywords:Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) Calibration-free LIBS Liquid-phase laser ablation Quantitative analysis Long-pulse laser Long-ns-duration, single pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is known to be an effective method to observe well resolved spectra from samples immersed in water at high hydrostatic pressures. The aim of this study is to investigate whether the signals obtained using this method are suitable for quantitative analysis of chemical composition. Six certified brass alloys consisting of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and lead (Pb) were measured underwater using a laser pulse of duration 250 ns, and their compositions were determined using calibration-free LIBS (CF-LIBS) and corrected CF-LIBS (CCF-LIBS) methods. The mass fractions of Cu and Zn calculated using CF-LIBS showed better agreement with the certified values than those determined using CCF-LIBS, with relative errors of Cu 4.2 ± 3.3 % and Zn 7.2 ± 6.4 %. From the results, it can be said that the difference of preferential evaporation and ablation among elements does not need to be considered for underwater measurements with the long-pulse LIBS setup used in this work. While the results indicate that the CF-LIBS method can be applied for in situ quantitative analysis of major elements with concentrations N~10 %, the mass fractions determined for Pb, with concentrations b 5 % had large relative errors, suggesting that an alternative method is required to quantify minor elements.

Determination of Metals Present in Textile Dyes Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and Cross-Validation Using Inductively Coupled Plasma/Atomic Emission Spectroscopy

“…One of the interesting aspects of this technique is that this technique does not require standard samples and involves selfcalibration as well. The detailed explanation of this approach can be found in [11,24,25]. This procedure is based on the creation and acquirement of emission spectra of an unknown specimen for every element present in the sample and then the calculation of every emission line area [11].…”

Classification and statistical analysis of hydrothermal seafloor rocks measured underwater using laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy

“…The largest signal‐to‐noise ratio was achieved with a gate delay and a width of 400 and 500 nanoseconds, respectively. A Czerny‐Turner–type spectrometer is used with an input slit measuring 20 × 800 μm, the spectral range is from 320 to 550 nm, and a spectral resolution varies from 0.22 to 0.24 nm across the range …”

“…A Czerny-Turner-type spectrometer is used with an input slit measuring 20 × 800 μm, the spectral range is from 320 to 550 nm, and a spectral resolution varies from 0.22 to 0.24 nm across the range. 27…”

Calibration-free quantitative elemental analysis of meteor plasma using reference laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of meteorite samples

“…The procedure of CF analysis applied in this study for the calculation of the composition of three samples of meteorites and the interpretation of meteor spectra is described in detail in previously published literature (Ciucci et al 1999;Tognoni et al 2010;Hornackova et al 2014;Takahashi et al 2015;Ozdin et al 2015;Dell'Aglio et al 2014;De Giacomo 2011). The data processing can be summarized as follows: under specific conditions in a plasma, local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) is achieved in the temporal and spatial observation window and the plasma is assumed to be representative of the composition for the unperturbed target composition.…”