Calibration of mid-infrared transmission measurements for hydrocarbon detection and propane concentration measurements in harsh environments by using a fiber optical sensor

Grosch, Alexander; Beushausen, Volker; Wackerbarth, Hainer; Thiele, Olaf; Berg, Thomas; Grzeszik, R.

doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2010.11.016

Cited by 11 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The area decreases with increasing CH 4 density at constant temperature and pressure. Previous publications only considered the influence of the filter in the calculations (Grosch et al, 2011). We find that inclusion of the detector sensitivity, the light source emission, the fibre transmittance and, in the case of flow channel experiments, the quartz window transmittance, significantly improves the quantitative agreement with the experimental data.…”

Section: Quantification Methodsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The detection system used in this work was originally developed to measure simultaneously air-fuel ratios and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rates inside the combustion chamber of a gasoline-fuelled SI engine (Grosch et al, 2007(Grosch et al, , 2011(Grosch et al, , 2014. The schematic concept is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Measurement Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, we found that even small errors in the calculated transmittance values can have a strong impact on the quantification, especially at high λ-values corresponding to low CH 4 concentrations. Therefore, we apply an empirical calibration procedure successfully used in previous work (Grosch et al, 2011). We note that differences between calculations and measurements may result from errors determining the exact absorption path length or unknown spectral influence of the different optical elements, e.g.…”

Section: Flow Channelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this method suffers from a time delay caused by the length of the sampling pipe, a drawback that can be overcome by optical sensor technologies (Grosch et al, 2011). Beside gas sampling systems, there are different optical methods to analyse mixture formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this work, we present the derivative of a measurement system based on NDIR absorption developed previously for mixture formation analysis at the spark plug in gasolinefuelled engines (Grosch et al, 2010(Grosch et al, , 2011(Grosch et al, , 2014(Grosch et al, , 2007. The system allows crank-angle resolved measurements of fuel concentration for single engine cycles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantitative, time-resolved detection of CH<sub>4</sub> concentrations in flows for injection analysis in CNG engines using IR absorption

Bauke

Golibrzuch

Rotter

et al. 2017

J. Sens. Sens. Syst.

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Abstract. The reduction of CO 2 and other greenhouse gas emissions is an important driving force for the development of modern engines. Especially in the transport sector, the use of alternative fuels like methane, the main component of compressed natural gas (CNG), is an applied measure to achieve this goal. This work describes the development of an optical measurement system for accurate quantification of CH 4 densities in gas flows based on broadband absorption of infrared light, i.e. non-dispersive IR absorption spectroscopy (NDIR). We demonstrate the capability of the system to achieve high time resolution as well as high measurement accuracy and precision. The optical set-up of the system is designed for usage at the inlet manifold of CNG-fuelled spark ignition engines. It allows for detailed analysis of the mixture formation during single engine cycles. CH 4 densities can be determined by monitoring the infrared light attenuation around 3.3 µm caused by the ν 3 antisymmetric C-H-stretch vibration. We calculate the nonlinear relation between transmittance and CH 4 density from absorption cross sections calculated from the HITRAN database. The theoretical transmittance signals are corrected for spectral influences of the bandpass filter, the detector sensitivity, the fibre transmittance and the emission spectrum of the light source in order to calculate CH 4 densities directly from the measured transmittance. A calibration function corrects remaining differences between experimental and simulated values and improves the accuracy. We show that the sensor system is capable for determination of air-fuel ratios (λ-values) and demonstrate the dynamic quantification of a CH 4 injection into a flow channel under various flow conditions. Furthermore, we present the first measurements with a prototype probe capable of measurements inside the inlet manifold of a four-stroke spark ignition engine. We validate the detection strategy in experiments with premixed gases using a modified inlet geometry and demonstrate its application under standard engine operation with port fuel injection while varying the injection parameters.

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Section: Quantification Methodsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Measurement Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Flow Channelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Quantitative, time-resolved detection of CH<sub>4</sub> concentrations in flows for injection analysis in CNG engines using IR absorption

Bauke

Golibrzuch

Rotter

et al. 2017

J. Sens. Sens. Syst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Infrared spectroscopic concentration measurements of carbon dioxide and gaseous water in harsh environments with a fiber optical sensor by using the HITEMP database

Grosch

Wackerbarth

Thiele

et al. 2014

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer

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Temperature-dependent high resolution absorption cross sections of propane

Beale

Hargreaves

Bernath

2016

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer

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Calibration of mid-infrared transmission measurements for hydrocarbon detection and propane concentration measurements in harsh environments by using a fiber optical sensor

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

Quantitative, time-resolved detection of CH<sub>4</sub> concentrations in flows for injection analysis in CNG engines using IR absorption

Quantitative, time-resolved detection of CH<sub>4</sub> concentrations in flows for injection analysis in CNG engines using IR absorption

Infrared spectroscopic concentration measurements of carbon dioxide and gaseous water in harsh environments with a fiber optical sensor by using the HITEMP database

Temperature-dependent high resolution absorption cross sections of propane

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Calibration of mid-infrared transmission measurements for hydrocarbon detection and propane concentration measurements in harsh environments by using a fiber optical sensor

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

Quantitative, time-resolved detection of CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations in flows for injection analysis in CNG engines using IR absorption

Quantitative, time-resolved detection of CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations in flows for injection analysis in CNG engines using IR absorption

Infrared spectroscopic concentration measurements of carbon dioxide and gaseous water in harsh environments with a fiber optical sensor by using the HITEMP database

Temperature-dependent high resolution absorption cross sections of propane

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Quantitative, time-resolved detection of CH<sub>4</sub> concentrations in flows for injection analysis in CNG engines using IR absorption

Quantitative, time-resolved detection of CH<sub>4</sub> concentrations in flows for injection analysis in CNG engines using IR absorption