A new traceability methodology for roughness stylus calibration is being developed in the National Metrology Laboratory of the Portuguese Institute for Quality (IPQ) using a high-precision displacement transducer. The calibration and dissemination of roughness standards measurements is one of the activities of IPQ. A stylus instrument is used to acquire the height values of the scanned points on the surface of the roughness standard. Defined according to ISO standards, namely the ISO 21920-2:2021, the integrated software calculates the roughness parameters that quantify the surface. A set of roughness parameters, measured after stylus calibration with different standards artefacts, as defined in ISO 5436-1:2000 has been evaluated. The need for the development of a new route for the metrological traceability in roughness, with faster calibration and better accuracy was also analyzed. The use of a displacement transducer, as reference, was the studied solution.