California's Proposition 99 on Tobacco, and its Impact

Breslow, Lester; Johnson, Michael D.

doi:10.1146/annurev.pu.14.050193.003101

Cited by 35 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Proposition 99 raised the state tax on each pack of cigarettes by 25 cents, and imposed corresponding increases on the tax on other tobacco products. Twenty percent of the revenues from the tax increase was earmarked to support tobacco prevention and cessation efforts in schools and communities throughout the state (12,60).…”

Section: National Effortsmentioning

confidence: 99%

YOUTH ACCESS TO TOBACCO: Policies and Politics

Forster

Wolfson

1998

Annu. Rev. Public Health

123

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The late 1980s marked the beginning of a sea change in research and intervention on tobacco use by young people, when the first studies were published demonstrating the ease with which adolescents could purchase cigarettes. Since then concern with the commercial availability of tobacco products to youth has grown, becoming deeply entrenched in both research and policy efforts. This paper reviews the history of restrictions on youth access to tobacco, the evidence that commercial sources of tobacco are available and important to adolescents, and the rationale for various components of policies to restrict access. We also review the recent expansion of policies addressing youth access to tobacco at all levels of government, the tobacco industry response to this expansion, and issues that have arisen as this expansion has developed.

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Section: National Effortsmentioning

confidence: 99%

YOUTH ACCESS TO TOBACCO: Policies and Politics

Forster

Wolfson

1998

Annu. Rev. Public Health

123

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“…Along these lines, McKinlay (1975) observed that ''one stroke of effective health legislation is equal to many separate health intervention endeavors and the cumulative efforts of innumerable health workers over long periods of time.'' Indeed, several legislative programs to promote public health, such as California's tobacco tax (Proposition 99) to reduce smoking and laws mandating the use of vehicular child safety seats, raising the legal age for alcohol purchase and drivers' licensure, and lowering vehicle speed limits, have been empirically evaluated and shown to be effective in achieving specified health promotion objectives (e.g., the reduction of smoking prevalence and traffic-related fatalities; Breslow & Johnson, 1993;Fawcett, Seekins, & Jason, 1987;National Safety Council, 1987;Williams, Karpf, & Zador, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing corporate compliance with worksite safety and health legislation

Stokols

McMahan

Clitheroe

et al. 2001

Journal of Safety Research

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Introduction: A 2-year prospective study evaluated the effectiveness of a managerial training program to enhance corporate compliance with statewide worksite safety and health regulations. The program offered participants information about regulatory requirements and emphasized organizational and environmental strategies for reducing occupational injuries and illnesses. Objectives: To assess the effects of a train-the-trainer program on business managers' knowledge of statewide occupational safety and health legislation and on levels of corporate compliance with regulatory requirements. Methods: Forty-eight small-and medium-sized companies participated in the training sessions during the first year of the study. These firms were compared with 46 control companies that did not receive the training until the conclusion of the study. Results: Participation in the program was associated with higher levels of corporate regulatory compliance 12 months after the training sessions were held (controlling for baseline levels of corporate compliance with the regulations). Program effects on compliance levels were mediated by posttraining changes in managers' knowledge of regulatory requirements. Conclusions: The REACH OUT training program raised managers' awareness of and corporate compliance with statewide worksite safety and health regulations. Impact on Industry: Smaller companies face greater challenges than larger ones in developing and maintaining worksite safety and health programs. Barriers to regulatory compliance, especially in small-and medium-size companies, should be identified and removed to enhance the efficacy of these programs.

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“…One possible explanation for the different rates of decrease in recent smoking prevalence for California and the remainder of the nation is the continued presence of California's tobacco control program (Proposition 99). Proposition 99 was associated with an acceleration in the rate of decline of per capita cigarette consumption in California 7,29,[33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] and produced a 10% to 13% longterm reduction in cigarette consumption. 44 Both short-term effects of the cigarette tax increase and long-term effects due to the tax increase or other programs funded by Proposition 99 have been demonstrated, 38,42 and evidence exists that the antismoking media campaign specifically resulted in reduced cigarette consumption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in adult cigarette smoking in California compared with the rest of the United States, 1978-1994

Siegel

Mowery²,

Pechacek³

et al. 2000

Am J Public Health

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A B S T R A C TObjectives. This study compared trends in adult cigarette smoking prevalence in California and the remainder of the United States between 1978 and 1994.Methods. We used data from National Health Interview Surveys and Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys to compare trends in smoking prevalence among persons 18 years and older.Results. In both California and the remainder of the United States, the estimated annual rate of decline in adult smoking prevalence accelerated significantly from 1985 to 1990: to -1. Conclusions. The presence of an aggressive tobacco control intervention has supported a significant decline in adult smoking prevalence in California from 1985 to 1990 and a slower but still significant decline from 1990 to 1994, a period in which there was no significant decline in the remainder of the nation. To restore nationwide progress in reducing smoking prevalence, other states should consider similar interventions. (Am J

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California's Proposition 99 on Tobacco, and its Impact

Cited by 35 publications

References 12 publications

YOUTH ACCESS TO TOBACCO: Policies and Politics

YOUTH ACCESS TO TOBACCO: Policies and Politics

Enhancing corporate compliance with worksite safety and health legislation

Trends in adult cigarette smoking in California compared with the rest of the United States, 1978-1994

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