Cambios estacionales en conjuntos de dinoflagelados epifíticos cerca de la costa norte de la Península de Yucatán, Golfo de México

Abstract

Epiphytic dinoflagellates were studied in 250 samples from 10 sites in Chelem (a semi-enclosed mangrove lagoon) and Dzilam de Bravo (an exposed coastal locality), on the northern coast of the Yucatan Peninsula, during five surveys in [2008][2009]. Temperature, salinity, turbidity, pH, dissolved oxygen, nitrates, nitrites, phosphates, silicates, urea, extractable water column chlorophyll-a, precipitation, and wind speed and direction were measured. The Chelem lagoon system showed minor variability in physical-chemical characteristics compared to the exposed site at Dzilam de Bravo. Dinoflagellates were associated with all the host macrophytes examined including four seagrass species and 33 macroalgal species representing 24 genera. A total of 20 dinoflagellate taxa from 12 genera were recovered from these substrates. The genus Prorocentrum contained the largest number of individual species. The variation in mean epiphytic dinoflagellate abundance over both localities ranged from ~200 to 3500 cells g -1 substrate wet weight. Cell abundances at individual sites, in contrast, ranged from ~100 to >25 000 cells g -1 substrate wet weight. This variation is typical of the patchy distribution of these species in time and space.

Population Dynamics of Benthic-Epiphytic Dinoflagellates on Two Macroalgae From Coral Reef Systems of the Northern Mexican Caribbean

“…As consequence, the taxonomic composition of epiphytic dinoflagellates cannot be unequivocally determined by using the standard methodology (rough morphometric discrimination), and for purposes of practicality and comparability it is necessary to work with this "schematic" community. The taxonomic composition of the epiphytic dinoflagellate community on the surveyed algae of this study is quite similar to those reported in similar studies in the Caribbean (Morton and Faust, 1997;Delgado et al, 2006;Boisnoir et al, 2018) and other regions of the North Atlantic like the south of the Gulf of Mexico (Okolodkov et al, 2007(Okolodkov et al, , 2014 or Florida (Bomber et al, 1989) and even in the Pacific (Parsons and Preskitt, 2007;Richlen and Lobel, 2011) although each species (or genus) did not contribute in the same proportion to the total abundance. For example, Delgado et al (2006) found that P. lima and G. toxicus were more abundant than O. lenticularis and C. monotis, whereas Boisnoir et al (2018) reported that Ostreopsis spp.…”

“…were numerically more abundant than Coolia and Gambierdiscus. In the Gulf of Mexico, Okolodkov et al (2007) found that depending of the site and the date P. lima or C. monotis could dominate the community, and in the Yucatan coast, Prorocentrum species, particularly P. rathymum was the dominant species on seagrass meadows present in Yucatan coast (Okolodkov et al, 2014).…”

“…Most research has focused on the environmental variability and host-epiphytic dynamics through the analysis of the experimental responses of benthic dinoflagellates to variations of temperature, irradiance, nutrient concentration and salinity (Bomber et al, 1988;Chinain et al, 1999;Hales et al, 1999;Anderson et al, 2008;Lartigue et al, 2009;Kibler et al, 2015), as well as the substrate preference of some dinoflagellate species (Lobel et al, 1988;Bomber et al, 1989;Nakahara et al, 1996;Parsons and Preskitt, 2007;Parsons et al, 2011;Rains and Parsons, 2015), and the monitoring of dinoflagellate abundance on several substrates and macroalgae (Morton and Faust, 1997;Vila et al, 2001;Okolodkov et al, 2007Okolodkov et al, , 2014Moreira et al, 2012;Cohu et al, 2013). Also, other features such as depth, the water motion and habitat structure have been studied in relation to abundance and occurrence of the benthic dinoflagellates (Richlen and Lobel, 2011;Cohu et al, 2013;Boisnoir et al, 2018;Yong et al, 2018).…”

A Review on the Biodiversity and Biogeography of Toxigenic Benthic Marine Dinoflagellates of the Coasts of Latin America

“…-Beltrán et al, 1998;Núñez-Vázquez et al, 2000;Cortés-Lara et al, 2005;Núñez-Vázquez, 2005;Okolodkov and Gárate-Lizárraga, 2006;Gárate-Lizárraga et al, 2007;Gárate-Lizárraga, 2012;Morquecho-Escamilla et al, 2016, 2017Gallegos-Mendiola et al, 2017;Sepúlveda-Villarraga et al, 2017;Gárate-Lizárraga et al, 2018 El Delgado et al, 2002;Delgado-Miranda, 2005;Moreira-González et al, 2016 Puerto Rico Gambierdiscus G. toxicus (?) Ostreopsis O. lenticularis Tosteson et al, 1986 Bahamas Coolia C. santacroce Dominican Republic Coolia C. palmyrensis C. malayensis British and United States Virgin Islands Coolia C. santacroce C. malayensis Carlson and Tindall, 1985;Litaker et al, 2009;Rains and Parsons, 2015 (Continued) Faust, 1990aFaust, ,b, 1993cFaust, ,d, 1994Faust, , 1995Faust, , 1996Faust, , 1997Faust, , 1999Faust, , 2000Faust, , 2004Faust and Gulledge, 1996;Morton and Faust, 1997;Faust and Steidinger, 1998;Faust et al, 2008;Litaker et al, 2009 Okolodkov et al, 2007Okolodkov et al, , 2009Barón-Campis et al, 2014;Okolodkov et al, 2014;Martínez-Cruz et al, 2016;Estrada-Var...…”

“…lima, and P. rhathymum were found in a reef zone at Chachalacas, Veracruz (Estrada-Vargas et al, 2017). In 2008-2009, seasonal changes were followed at ten sampling sites in the Chelem lagoon system and in the area exposed to the open sea at Dzilam de Bravo in the coast of Yucatan (Okolodkov et al, 2014). Prorocentrum lima and P. rhathymum were the most abundant species among 20 dinoflagellate taxa identified and associated with four seagrass and 33 macroalgal species.…”