Camelina sativa Methanolic and Ethanolic Extract Potential in Alleviating Oxidative Stress, Memory Deficits, and Affective Impairments in Stress Exposure-Based Irritable Bowel Syndrome Mouse Models

Abstract

Camelina sativa is mainly used as an oilseed crop; its edible oil is being also used as a traditional home remedy for the treatment of ulcers, wounds, and eye inflammations, due to the antioxidant activities. In the present study, the chemically characterized alcoholic extracts of Camelina sativa var. Madalina defatted seeds (5 g/kg body weight p.o., suspended in CMC-Na 0.1%) were administered to stress-induced animal models of irritable bowel syndrome (based on combinations of contention stress and multifactorial stress and maternal stress) and evaluated for the behavioural (short-term memory by the Y maze test, the anxious behaviour using the elevated plus maze test, and the antidepressant effect using the forced swimming test) and brain and bowel tissue oxidative status (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes activities and malondialdehyde and total soluble protein levels) improving effects. According to the chemical characterization, the extracts were rich in sinapine, glucosinolates, and flavonol glycosides. Moreover, this study showed the beneficial effects of Camelina sativa seed methanolic and ethanolic extracts on the behaviour and brain and bowel tissues oxidative stress status of stress exposure-based IBS mouse models. Despite the slight differences in the chemical composition of the methanolic and ethanolic extracts, the results suggested that the Camelina sativa extracts could reverse the short-term memory impairments caused by stress exposure and also could decrease the intensity and frequency of the anxiety and depressive-like behaviours observed in the stress-exposed animal models of IBS. Furthermore, the Camelina sativa extracts showed a significant effect on the oxidative stress markers in the brain and bowel tissues of the studied animal model by decreasing the superoxide dismutase activity and increasing the glutathione peroxidase activity. However, the results suggested that the extracts could also increase lipid peroxidation in bowel tissues. In this way, this study provides additional evidence that the administration of Camelina sativa seed alcoholic extracts could improve cognitive performances and mood and exhibit the antioxidant capacity in both the brain and bowel tissues.

Realizing the Potential of Camelina sativa as a Bioenergy Crop for a Changing Global Climate

“…Methanolic and ethanolic extracts of C. sativa seeds show significant antibacterial and antifungal activities and potential as natural preservatives [ 287 ]. Additional therapeutic properties are associated with phenolic compounds in C. sativa seeds and oil, such as chlorogenic, caffeic, sinapinic, and phytic acids [ 288 ]. However, as mentioned earlier, C. sativa seeds contain glucosinolates, which have antinutritive properties [ 201 ].…”

The Efficacy of Camelina sativa Defatted Seed Meal against Colitis-Induced Persistent Visceral Hypersensitivity: The Relevance of PPAR α Receptor Activation in Pain Relief

“…Finally, it is interesting to note that methanolic and ethanolic extract of Camelina sativa were able to alleviate oxidative stress, memory deficits, and affective impairments in a mouse model of irritable bowel syndrome caused by stress exposure [ 32 ]. Altogether, these findings suggest the possibility of a synergic effect of Camelina sativa constituents on visceral pain and comorbidities associated with colitis.…”

“…On the other hand, camelina seeds are a source of GSLs like glucoarabin and glucocamelinin [ 29 , 30 , 31 ], though the in vivo biological effects of these phytochemicals are still largely unknown. Recent evidence from the literature showed that Camelina sativa seed alcoholic extracts can ameliorate cognitive performance, as well as mood, and exert an antioxidant effect in both the brain and gut in a mice model of IBS [ 32 ], though the effect on visceral pain was not investigated.…”

Biomolecules from Plant Wastes Potentially Relevant in the Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Co-Occurring Symptomatology

“…In this way, our group previously studied the antioxidant potential of Camelina sativa. We showed that the oil obtained from the Camelina seeds could improve antioxidant enzyme activity and prevent lipid peroxidation in a rat model of stress exposure (IBS model) [120]. Moreover, Mierina et al [121] showed that the antioxidant potential is also preserved by the seed cakes, not only the oil.…”