Introduction: Substance use affects physical health, mental health, causes social, economic damage in their family environment and society. In recent decades this has changed. Aim: To determine the perception of the consumption of legal and illegal substances and related factors in the general Honduran population. Methodology: Analytical cross-sectional study, through an active search, the information was provided by a suitable informant ≥ 18 years of age, both sexes. Direct questions were asked about consumption, this was associated to influential variables, through descriptive and analytical statistics. Results: Of the 3309 participants distributed nationally, When multivariate analysis was performed, it was found that there was a greater perception of problematic drug use when there was a history of previous violence (aPR: 1.53; 95%CI: 1.22-1.92; p-value<0.001), if cannabis had been consumed in the last quarter (aPR: 1.29; 95%CI: 1.05-1.58; p-value=0.016), if she stopped doing what was expected (aPR : 7.05; 95%CI: 5.00-9.95; p-value<0.001) or if she worried a friend or family member (aPR: 1.49; 95%CI: 1.20-1.86; p-value<0.001), on the contrary, there was less concern among those with university studies (aPR: 0.70; 95%CI: 0.49-0.99; p-value=0.048), adjusted for six variables. Discussion: An association was found between the perception of problematic substance use according to sex, academic grade, history of previous violence, use of tobacco, cannabis, cocaine, opioids, hallucinogens, whether the person stopped doing what was expected, whether a friend or relative was concerned, or whether the person injected. Conclusion: The most reported legal substance of use among the Honduran population was tobacco, followed by marijuana and cocaine among illegal substances.