Can a before-school physical activity program decrease bullying victimization in disadvantaged children? The Active-Start Study

Hormazábal-Aguayo, Ignacio; Fernández-Vergara, Omar; González-Calderón, Nicole; Vicencio-Rojas, Francisca; Russell-Guzmán, Javier; Chacana-Cañas, César; Pozo-Cruz, Borja del; García-Hermoso, António

doi:10.1016/j.ijchp.2019.05.001

Cited by 24 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This finding supports the work of other studies in this area [38,39]. For example, a recent randomized controlled trial seems to corroborate the role of physical activity on bullying victimization among Chilean children [39]. Several factors may underpin the relationship between physical inactivity and bullying victimization: (a) bullying victimization occurs frequently in activities not closely supervised and therefore youth tend to avoid these activities [40,41]; and (b) physically inactive youth may be at an increased risk of being bullied due to factors such as poor motor skills [42], physical fitness [43], and low selfconfidence to engage in physical activities.…”

Section: Physical Activity and Bullying Victimizationsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Our findings suggest that not meeting physical activity guidelines was associated with 14% higher bullying victimization among children and adolescents. This finding supports the work of other studies in this area [38,39]. For example, a recent randomized controlled trial seems to corroborate the role of physical activity on bullying victimization among Chilean children [39].…”

Section: Physical Activity and Bullying Victimizationsupporting

confidence: 89%

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Bullying victimization, physical inactivity and sedentary behavior among children and adolescents: a meta-analysis

García-Hermoso

Hormazábal-Aguayo

Oriol-Granado

et al. 2020

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

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Background Physical activity and sedentary behavior are related with psycho-social variables among youth, however its relationship with bullying victimization is unclear. The aim of the study was to clarify the associations between physical activity and sedentary behaviors with bullying victimization among children and adolescents. Methods Two independent authors searched in four databases. The studies were selected/included only if participants were children and/or adolescents and the relationship between physical activity and/or sedentary behavior with bullying victimization was reported. Random-effects meta-analyses were used. Results A total of 18 cross-sectional studies (including 386,740 children and adolescents, 51.8% females) were reviewed. Our study found that not meeting the physical activity guidelines (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04 to 1.23) and excessive sedentary behavior (i.e., 2 h per day or more of screen time) (OR = 1.21, 95% CI, 1.14 to 1.28) were associated with 14 and 21% higher bullying victimization, respectively. Consistent associations were also found when we analyzed specific forms of bullying for sedentary behavior, including traditional and cyberbullying. Conclusions The present study establishes the first quantitative framework for understanding the influence of physical activity and sedentary behavior on bullying victimization, and lays the groundwork for future studies and interventions aimed to its promotion. Trial registration CRD42018099388.

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Section: Physical Activity and Bullying Victimizationsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Physical Activity and Bullying Victimizationsupporting

confidence: 89%

Bullying victimization, physical inactivity and sedentary behavior among children and adolescents: a meta-analysis

García-Hermoso

Hormazábal-Aguayo

Oriol-Granado

et al. 2020

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

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“…The relatively low cost and simplicity of the intervention may allow for an easy adaptation and implementation of the program in other school environments. Finally, as we have previously shown, the Active‐Start program may be a feasible and potentially scalable intervention option to improve the climate and pro‐sociality environment at schools. Also, before‐school PA programs seem to improved social‐emotional wellness …”

Section: Perspectivementioning

confidence: 80%

A before‐school physical activity intervention to improve cognitive parameters in children: The Active‐Start study

García-Hermoso

Hormazábal-Aguayo

Fernández-Vergara

et al. 2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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The aim of the study was threefold: (a) to test a before-school physical activity intervention (Active-Start) on academic performance, selective attention, and concentration capacity; (b) to test the effect of the Active-Start intervention on anthropometry, body composition, and physical fitness parameters; and (c) whether the physical fitness components are moderators of the effect of the Active-Start program on academic performance, selective attention, and concentration capacity in Chilean children. The Active-Start intervention was a RCT which comprised 170 children (8-10 years old)from three public schools with low socioeconomic status from the city of Santiago (Chile). The exercise intervention was delivered daily, before starting the first school-class (8:00-8:30 am) for 8 weeks. Changes in academic performance, selective attention and concentration capacity, anthropometric, body composition, and physical fitness parameters were measured. The analyses used were mixed regression models for repeated measures over time. No statistically significant changes in attention and concentration capacity were found. However, significant changes were seen in language (0.63; 95% CI 0.49-0.77) and mathematics (0.49; 95% CI 0.32-0.66) performance (P < .001). Also, improvements were seen in fat mass, fat-free mass, muscular, and cardiorespiratory fitness (all P < .05). The Johnson-Neyman technique revealed a significant relationship between the effect of intervention and attention and concentration when change in cardiorespiratory fitness was above, but not below, 3.05 and 0.70 mL/kg/min, respectively. Implementing before-school physical activity programs such as the Active-Start to enhance the cardiorespiratory fitness may benefit attention capacity and academic success among schoolchildren. K E Y W O R D Sacademic achievement, attention, cardiorespiratory fitness, exercise

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“…It is reported that participation in sports may be an effective way to reduce the impact of bullying on the risk of developing depression [10]. A previous study demonstrated that physical activity at moderate-to-vigorous intensity for eight weeks resulted in reduced physical and verbal victimization among school children (aged 8-10 years) [11]. Furthermore, a cohort study with a sample of 29,207 adolescents from private and public high schools demonstrated that exercise reduced sadness and suicidal ideation in adolescents who were bullied at school [33,34].…”

Section: Andy's Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the underprivileged neighborhood of Santiago (Chile), a reduction in the level of bullying victimization was reported after participation in an 8-week-long physical activity intervention, compared to the control group. As stated in that report, the objective of the physical activity program was not limited to improving the physical condition of the participants, and included inculcating respect for rules, conflict resolution, positive interaction, and skill learning, all of which could explain, at least in part, the observed effect on bullying [11]. It is also reported that a reliable environment is essential to properly involve children and adolescents in physical activities [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Physical Exercise Training on Bullying and Depression in a Classroom: A Case Report

Philippot¹,

Bleyenheuft²,

Volder³

2021

OBM ICM

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In a previous study conducted to assess the impact of physical exercise on the symptoms of depression and anxiety in preadolescents in the school environment, which included a subgroup of participants comprising eleven randomly selected teens (aged 9–11) and all enrolled in primary education, it was immediately observed that one participant referred to as Andy was being bullied and teased, and the teachers were completely unaware of this scenario. All the participants of the study were volunteers, and were subjected to low-to-moderate intensity exercise four times a week for five weeks. Psychological self-assessments and physical examinations were performed before and after the program as a part of a blind assessment. In the intervention sessions, the therapists and participants remained unaware of the individual scores. The sessions included the games that highlighted the feeling of movement, postural control, and slow relay races with balancing, in combination with other cooperative, interactive games focused on fun and social contact rather than focusing on the performance. It was reiterated to the participants that mockery was completely prohibited during the program. After the intervention, a significant decrease was observed in the anxiety levels and depression scores of the participants. The most significant change was observed in the participant who was a victim of bullying during the initial training sessions. No changes were observed in the general atmosphere of the classroom. Bullying is quite common (>10%) and is most often completely overlooked. The present study demonstrated a decrease in the symptoms of depression and anxiety in a non-clinical sample of pre-teens attending elementary school when they completed a low-to-moderate exercise program that combined movement and pleasure and encouraged positive and non-competitive interactions among the participants. The program proved to be particularly beneficial for a bullied individual.

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Can a before-school physical activity program decrease bullying victimization in disadvantaged children? The Active-Start Study

Cited by 24 publications

References 31 publications

Bullying victimization, physical inactivity and sedentary behavior among children and adolescents: a meta-analysis

Bullying victimization, physical inactivity and sedentary behavior among children and adolescents: a meta-analysis

A before‐school physical activity intervention to improve cognitive parameters in children: The Active‐Start study

Effect of Physical Exercise Training on Bullying and Depression in a Classroom: A Case Report

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