Can agro-ecosystems efficiently complement protected area networks?

Troupin, David; Carmel, Yohay

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2013.11.009

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…This might be achieved by including areas that are structurally similar to native vegetation or having high levels of heterogeneity within the farmed area or along the margins. These two strategies are often represented as opposite ends of a continuum of management practices (Fischer et al 2008), but others argue that the effects of different land management schemes depend on their spatial extent (Tscharntke et al 2005, Smith et al 2010 and that a combined strategy integrating both land sparing and land sharing approaches may be the best option to achieve conservation objectives (Troupin and Carmel 2014). Encouraging wildlife that provide ecosystem services, such as pest control, could actually elevate yield, so that reductions in intensity, either from incorporating heterogeneity within the farm or preserving other land for nature, would not result in a net loss to the farmer.…”

Section: List Of Tablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying pest control services by birds and ants in Kenyan coffee farms

Milligan

Johnson

Garfinkel

et al. 2016

Biological Conservation

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QUANTIFYING PEST CONTROL SERVICES BY BIRDS AND ANTS IN KENYAN COFFEE FARMS Megan MilliganEcosystem services, such as pest control and pollination, are critical benefits of biodiversity necessary for agricultural production. Predators, including insectivorous birds and ants, can provide important biological controls in agroecosystems, boosting crop yield and helping to offset the need for expensive inputs such as pesticides. With agricultural demand projected to increase in the future, two broad management strategies, termed land sparing and land sharing, have been proposed to conserve biodiversity while still meeting increased agricultural demand. Understanding the related impacts of habitat and landscape characteristics on the delivery of ecosystem services can better inform managers seeking to promote these benefits of biodiversity. In order to better understand these relationships, I conducted a sentinel pest experiment to investigate predation levels in response to a novel pest on coffee farms in central Kenya. The frequency of predation decreased significantly with increasing distance from adjacent forest fragments and was correlated with bird species richness. Predation was also significantly higher on shade compared to sun coffee farms. The mechanism through which the bird and ant communities are effecting pest removal is less clear, but encouraging particular preferential predators could positively influence pest control. In conclusion, a land sharing approach, via both the integration of shade trees and the conservation of small ii forest fragments within a farm, can support increased levels of pest control services provided by both birds and ants in Kenyan coffee farms.iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

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Section: List Of Tablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying pest control services by birds and ants in Kenyan coffee farms

Milligan

Johnson

Garfinkel

et al. 2016

Biological Conservation

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“…Species of lowland fertile soils and fertile soils ecosystems in valleys were poorly represented in nature reserves. Troupin & Carmel (2014), have found the same underrepresentation phenomena for birding bird species in Israel. Joppa & Pfaff (2009), have shown that the underrepresentation of ecosystems of fertile soils or lowlands is a worldwide phenomenon.…”

Section: Fig 4: Protected Areas In Israel and The Palestinian Authoritymentioning

confidence: 61%

Natural Ecosystem-Units in Israel and the Palestinian Authority - Representativeness in Protected Areas and Suggested Solutions for Biodiversity Conservation

Rotem¹,

Weil²

2014

Journal of Landscape Ecology

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The geographic location of Israel and the Palestinian Authorityon the border between Mediterranean and desert climate, and the strong topographic and geomorphological variation resulting from its position on the Great African Rift Valley, combine to sustain a great diversity of landscapes in a very small country. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the protected areas in Israel and the Palestinian Authority adequately represent the range of landscapes and ecosystems in the region. Altogether, we defined 23 natural ecosystem-units in Israel and the Palestinian Authority, of which 17 are terrestrial landscapes and 6 are aquatic systems. In considering the adequacy of coverage in protected areas, we mapped Israel and the Palestinian Authority landscapes according to a set of environmental factors (climatic, geomorphological, geological and botanical) that we believe most effectively distinguish landscape types in this region. When the separation between adjacent units relies on sharp topographic or edaphic change in the landscape, the mapped units can be separated by a clear and sharp line. When adjacent units are actually a gradient of continuous environmental conditions the separation lines relied mostly on botanic characteristics. The main land use categories in this analysis were urban areas, agricultural areas, nature reserves, national parks and forest reserves. For the first time in Israel and the Palestinian Authority, we quantified the different landscape types under the different categories of land use. This process, known as systematic conservation planning, allowed us to detect natural landscapes that are underrepresented in protected areas, and can guide decision makers to establish or improve management for the better representation of biodiversity.

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“…Landowners play a key role in biodiversity conservation and therefore, if appropriately designed, AES and the associated public-private partnership agreement are an important instrument to achieve European biodiversity objectives in agricultural landscapes (Vickery et al, 2004;Troupin and Carmel, 2014). However, for AES to be effective, more insight is needed into farmers' interests and concerns and hence the contracts' incentive-compatibility and participation constraints.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%