Can Albuterol Help Resistance Exercise Attenuate Unloading-Induced Bone Loss?

Caruso, John F.; Hamill, John L.; Yamauchi, Miki; Cook, Tim; Mercado, Dean R.; Gibb, G.; Higginson, Brian K.; Elias, Jeff; Hernandez, Dan A.

doi:10.1519/r-13953.1

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Using a unilateral limb-suspension model in humans the effect of resistive exercise with or without administration of the b 2 -agonist albuterol during a 40-day experiment was examined (Caruso et al 2004). The outcome of the study is unclear, as there was no control group and the placebo group showed no change in BMC or lean mass of the suspended limb, as assessed by DXA.…”

Section: Pharmacological Countermeasuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

From space to Earth: advances in human physiology from 20 years of bed rest studies (1986–2006)

Traon¹,

et al. 2007

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Bed rest studies of the past 20 years are reviewed. Head-down bed rest (HDBR) has proved its usefulness as a reliable simulation model for the most physiological effects of spaceflight. As well as continuing to search for better understanding of the physiological changes induced, these studies focused mostly on identifying effective countermeasures with encouraging but limited success. HDBR is characterised by immobilization, inactivity, confinement and elimination of Gz gravitational stimuli, such as posture change and direction, which affect body sensors and responses. These induce upward fluid shift, unloading the body's upright weight, absence of work against gravity, reduced energy requirements and reduction in overall sensory stimulation. The upward fluid shift by acting on central volume receptors induces a 10-15% reduction in plasma volume which leads to a now well-documented set of cardiovascular changes including changes in cardiac performance and baroreflex sensitivity that are identical to those in space. Calcium excretion is increased from the beginning of bed rest leading to a sustained negative calcium balance. Calcium absorption is reduced. Body weight, muscle mass, muscle strength is reduced, as is the resistance of muscle to insulin. Bone density, stiffness of bones of the lower limbs and spinal cord and bone architecture are altered. Circadian rhythms may shift and are dampened. Ways to improve the process of evaluating countermeasures--exercise (aerobic, resistive, vibration), nutritional and pharmacological--are proposed. Artificial gravity requires systematic evaluation. This review points to clinical applications of BR research revealing the crucial role of gravity to health.

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Section: Pharmacological Countermeasuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

From space to Earth: advances in human physiology from 20 years of bed rest studies (1986–2006)

Traon¹,

et al. 2007

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“…The exercise prescription consisted of 2 MVCs (5 s duration), one set of 10 isotonic repetitions (*80% of 1RM), and a second set to muscle fatigue (Schulze et al 2002). Alternatively, four sets of 7-8 maximal concentric and eccentric muscle actions have been efficacious during 35-40 days of ULLS (Caruso et al 2004;Tesch et al 2004). Therefore, although exercise prescription is variable, high-load resistance exercise appears to be an effective countermeasure to unloading.…”

Section: Exercise Countermeasuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, studies are beginning to explore additional countermeasures that may optimize the benefit of exercise. For instance, when inertial flywheel resistance exercise was coupled with Albuterol (maximum dose *16 mg/day), bone mineral density in the unloaded limb was increased compared to flywheel resistance exercise alone (Caruso et al 2004). Albuterol is a B 2 -agonist that has previously shown to reduce bone loss during hind-limb unloading in animals (Bloomfield et al 1997).…”

Section: Exercise Countermeasuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unilateral lower limb suspension: integrative physiological knowledge from the past 20 years (1991–2011)

Hackney

Ploutz‐Snyder

2011

Eur J Appl Physiol

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In 1991, Hans Berg and colleagues published the first research investigation using unilateral lower limb suspension (ULLS) as a human model to study the influence of unloading on skeletal muscle. ULLS requires a participant to perform all activities with axillary crutches while wearing one thick-soled shoe. The elevated shoe eliminates ground contact with the adjacent foot, thereby unloading the lower limb. Today, ULLS is a well-known ground-based analog for microgravity. The present review will synthesize the physiological findings from investigations using ULLS to study the deleterious effects of unloading. Compromised human performance and the neuromuscular, musculoskeletal and circulatory mechanisms leading to altered function will be a major emphasis of the work. Results from prolonged bed rest will also be included in order for general comparisons to be made between analogs. Finally, the efficacy of exercise to mitigate the negative consequences of unloading is presented.

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“…Indeed, both an increase 8 9 in suspended and denervated hindlimbs and a decrease under normal conditions [10][11][12][13] in bone density have been reported in animals after clenbuterol and salbutamol administration. Only one study has focused on humans 14 to determine if salbutamol helps resistance exercise to reduce unloading induced bone loss. The authors concluded that a resistance exercise/albuterol regimen probably increased bone mineral content by maintaining the mechanical loading stimulus.…”

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confidence: 99%

Short term salbutamol ingestion and supramaximal exercise in healthy women

et al. 2006

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Objective: To test the hypothesis that chronic salbutamol intake improves performance during supramaximal exercise and to estimate the effects of this treatment on body composition, bone mass, and metabolic indices in healthy women. Methods: Fourteen female volunteers (seven sedentary and seven recreationally trained) performed a 30 second Wingate test with and without salbutamol ingestion (12 mg/day for four weeks) in a random, double blind, crossover design. Blood samples were collected at rest, at the end of the test, and during passive recovery for lactate measurement. Body composition and bone mass were determined by dual energy x ray absorptiometry. Results: Peak power appeared significantly earlier and was significantly (p,0.05) increased after salbutamol intake in all subjects. There was no difference in total work performed and fatigue indices with salbutamol compared with placebo. No significant alterations in lean or fat body mass and bone variables were observed with salbutamol treatment in either trained or untrained subjects during the trial. In contrast, blood lactate was significantly (p,0.05) increased during the recovery period after salbutamol ingestion compared with placebo. Conclusion: As in men, chronic administration of therapeutic concentrations of salbutamol did not induce an anabolic effect in women but increased maximal anaerobic power. Further studies are necessary to clarify the mechanisms involved.O nly a few studies have investigated the use of b 2 agonists as ergogenic aids during maximal or supramaximal exercise. This class of drug, in particular salbutamol, has become extensively used in the treatment of bronchial asthma and preterm labour. Moreover, b 2 agonists have received recent attention from the International Olympic Committee and the World Antidoping Agency as drugs for enhancing muscle mass. Indeed, whereas aerosol use of these drugs seems to have a relatively selective action on the receptors in bronchial muscle, anabolic properties have been demonstrated in several species after systemic use of some b 2 agonists coupled with a significant decrease in fat mass after relatively short periods of administration.1-3 In humans, both Martineau et al 4 and Caruso et al 5 6 found that short term therapeutic salbutamol administration improved strength but did not significantly affect lean body mass in healthy men. In agreement with these studies, we tested in a previous study 7 the effects of salbutamol (12 mg/day for three weeks) during a Wingate test in healthy male subjects and found a significant increase in peak power with salbutamol without any change in body composition. However, whether this drug increases performance or muscle mass in women has yet to be determined.A few studies on animals have also focused on the effects of b 2 agonists on bone mineral, with contradictory results. Indeed, both an increase 8 9 in suspended and denervated hindlimbs and a decrease under normal conditions 10-13 in bone density have been reported in animals after clenbuterol and salbutamol...

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Can Albuterol Help Resistance Exercise Attenuate Unloading-Induced Bone Loss?

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

From space to Earth: advances in human physiology from 20 years of bed rest studies (1986–2006)

From space to Earth: advances in human physiology from 20 years of bed rest studies (1986–2006)

Unilateral lower limb suspension: integrative physiological knowledge from the past 20 years (1991–2011)

Short term salbutamol ingestion and supramaximal exercise in healthy women

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