Can Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) Enhance the Endodontic Treatment?

Chiniforush, Nasim; Pourhajibagher, Maryam; Shahabi, Sima; Kosarieh, Emad; Bahador, Abbas

doi:10.15171/jlms.2016.14

Cited by 73 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The range of wavelengths for aPDT is currently 450–810 nm with a complementary application of photosensitizers. PBM effects in relation to this study may have direct application in pain modulation through the sub-ablative use of visible and near infra-red wavelengths, or may be an indirect benefit of surgical laser use at similar wavelengths within the canal and along a scatter gradient through the apex or dentinal tubules to the surrounding living tissue [ 12 , 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic Review on the Role of Lasers in Endodontic Therapy: Valuable Adjunct Treatment?

et al. 2020

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(1) Background: Adjunctive instruments, such as lasers have been investigated to address the risk of failure of endodontic therapy due to the complexity of the root canal system. Lasers have been used therapeutically, in direct irradiation of the root canals or adjunct to irrigants placed into the canals, in combination with a photosensitizer (antimicrobial photodynamic therapy) and in pain management (photobiomodulation). The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the evidence in clinical use within these three areas of therapy. (2) Methods: PubMed, Cochrane and Scopus search engines were used to identify human clinical trials regarding the use of lasers in endodontic therapy. (3) Results: After applying the keywords and additional filters, inclusion and exclusion criteria, the initial number of 1486 articles was reduced to 17. It was revealed that almost all studies (14/17) presented a statistically significant improved outcome in laser-assisted endodontic therapy, with the remaining three not showing any adverse effects. (4) Conclusions: The use of laser photonic energy of appropriate delivered parameters can be proposed as useful adjunctive when considering optimal treatment modalities in orthograde endodontics. Additionally, a tendency of research towards pain modulation in this field is developing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In vitro studies have been performed both in wet and dry root canals, with promising antimicrobial results. However, overheating and melting of the root canal walls is one drawback of laser use in dry environments [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review on the Role of Lasers in Endodontic Therapy: Valuable Adjunct Treatment?

et al. 2020

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“…For enhanced effects a radial firing tip with optimum emission pattern of light should be used [54]. This will also result in even distribution of light and eradication of bacteria up to a depth of 1mm ensuring effective disinfection of root canal system even in cases of persistent infection where microbes like E. faecalis may penetrate up to a depth of 150 µm [55,56].…”

Section: Methods Of Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-microbial Photo Dynamic Therapy (aPDT) in Endodontics: A Literature Review

Ahmad¹

2018

IJDSR

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Elimination of root canal pathogens is one of the main objectives for successful outcome of root canal treatment. Conventional chemo-mechanical debridement is not always successful in removing all bacteria. Adjunctive use of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) can be a used as a practical approach for successful elimination of all these bacteria. The aim of this review was to assess scientific literature that used various photosensitizers for bacterial reduction using aPDT methods. A search of the PubMed and Cochrane data bases using appropriate terms and keywords related to antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in endodontic disinfection was conducted. A hand search also was conducted in the preceding 5 years of several journals. Full texts of the selected articles were obtained and analyzed. A total of 177 articles published were identified at first stage of data extraction. After final screening, 41 articles were included in this review. This review summarizes the usage principles of aPDT and outlines the applications of aPDT in root canal disinfection procedures. It was concluded that aPDT should be used in conjunction with the conventional chemo mechanical debridement and disinfection of root canal system. It is critical to note that selection of photosensitizer dye, its correct delivery within the prepared root canal system, laser application with correct type of tips are predictors for successful outcome of this protocol of root canal disinfection.

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“…9 Many studies reported that these organisms can resist the antibacterial effect of calcium hydroxide. 10 Furthermore, the use of intracanal dressing forces the clinician to have multiple treatment visits and this may cause inter appointment microbial recontamination, as well as being cost and time consuming for both patients and clinicians. Laser irradiation is a new approach for disinfection of the root canal system and easier access to the hard-to-reach areas such as the tubular network.…”

Section: Comparison Of the Antimicrobial Efficacy Of Calcium Hydroxidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Antimicrobial Efficacy of Calcium Hydroxide and Photodynamic Therapy Against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans in Teeth With Periapical Lesions; An In Vivo Study

et al. 2017

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IntroductionMicrobial infection plays an important role in the development of periapical (PA) lesions.1 Elimination of the pathological microflora of the root canal system is a major goal in endodontic treatment. Inadequate disinfection of the root canal system may lead to treatment failure and development of PA lesions.2 Killing the bacteria of root canal system is not always achievable with current root canal treatment (RCT) techniques (mechanical debridement associated with chemical irrigation).3,4 The anatomical complexity of the root canal system makes it almost impossible to completely eliminate the bacteria using conventional mechanical and chemical techniques, even with the highest technical standards. 5A 94% treatment success rate has been reported in cases with a negative culture before the obturation of root canal system. This rate decreases to 68% in cases undergoing root canal filling despite the cultures being positive. There is a challenge for the clinician in treatment of teeth with PA lesions, all efforts and attempts have been made to eliminate irritating agents from the root canal system in order to provide healing in the periradicular tissues. Methods: This in vivo study was conducted on 20 patients with single-rooted mandibular premolar with previously failed endodontic treatment. This study was performed as a clinical trial (IRCTID: IRCT2016090429686N1). After conventional chemo-mechanical root canal preparation (hand and rotary instruments and 2.5% NaOCl), microbiological samples were obtained using sterile paper points, then stored in thioglycolate solution and transferred to a microbiology laboratory. Group 1 (n = 10) specimens underwent aPDT (diode laser 808 nm + 50 mg/mL methylene blue), while creamy calcium hydroxide paste was used in group 2 for a duration of 1 week. A control sample was taken with sterile paper points and F3 Protaper rotary file. The samples were dispersed in transport medium, serially diluted, and cultured on selective mediums to determine the number of colony forming units (CFUs). Data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test at 5% significance level. The significance level for all analyses was set at P < 0.05. Results: Number of CFU significantly decreased in both groups after the interventions (P < 0.001); however, there was no significant difference in the colony count between the 2 groups. Conclusion: aPDT and calcium hydroxide therapy showed the same antimicrobial efficacy on E. faecalis and C. albicans.

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Can Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) Enhance the Endodontic Treatment?

Cited by 73 publications

References 59 publications

Systematic Review on the Role of Lasers in Endodontic Therapy: Valuable Adjunct Treatment?

Systematic Review on the Role of Lasers in Endodontic Therapy: Valuable Adjunct Treatment?

Anti-microbial Photo Dynamic Therapy (aPDT) in Endodontics: A Literature Review

Comparison of the Antimicrobial Efficacy of Calcium Hydroxide and Photodynamic Therapy Against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans in Teeth With Periapical Lesions; An In Vivo Study

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