Can falling infection rates in one country explain rising incidence of autoimmune and allergic diseases in other countries? Caution when (over) interpreting ecological data from disparate areas

Tremlett, Helen; Rodney, Rachael M; Lucas, Robyn

doi:10.1016/j.msard.2017.11.001

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

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“…The incidence of allergic diseases has increased rapidly worldwide. [2][3][4] The World Allergy Organization reported that, among 1.39 billion people in 33 countries, 22% of the population suffered from allergic diseases. 20 The WHO has clearly stipulated that allergic disease is an extremely considerable disease that the whole world should attach importance to.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a dose–response relationship between allergen-specific IgE levels and allergic diseases, and multiple sensitisations increase the risk of allergic diseases. The incidence of allergic diseases has increased rapidly worldwide 2–4. The World Allergy Organization reported that, among 1.39 billion people in 33 countries, 22% of the population suffered from allergic diseases 20.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 The incidence of allergic diseases, including atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma, has been increasing rapidly around the world, especially in China and other low-income and middle-income countries. [2][3][4] As triggering factors, allergens stimulate the body to produce abnormal immune responses, which eventually lead to allergic diseases. 5 The type and dose of allergens determine the type of allergic disease and its severity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Allergic diseases are global and can profoundly affect the quality of life of patients 1. The incidence of allergic diseases, including atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma, has been increasing rapidly around the world, especially in China and other low-income and middle-income countries 2–4. As triggering factors, allergens stimulate the body to produce abnormal immune responses, which eventually lead to allergic diseases 5.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations between sensitisation to allergens and allergic diseases: a hospital-based case–control study in China

et al. 2022

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ObjectivesTo assess the associations of sensitisation to common allergens with atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma in adults.DesignCase–control study.SettingData were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University in Harbin, China.ParticipantsCases were 5111 patients with physician-diagnosed atopic dermatitis (n=2631), allergic asthma (n=1320) and allergic rhinitis (n=1160) recruited from the department of allergy from March 2009 to December 2017. Controls were 2576 healthy adults who underwent physical examination at the same hospital during the same period.Main outcome measuresSpecific IgE levels to 16 common food, indoor and outdoor allergens were assessed in all participants. Adjusted ORs and 95% CIs for the association between allergen sensitisation and allergic diseases were estimated using multivariate logistic regression.ResultsThe prevalence of allergen sensitisation was higher in patients with atopic dermatitis (indoor=17.14%, outdoor=12.85%, food=21.44%), allergic rhinitis (indoor=23.18%, outdoor=26.81%, food=8.94%) and allergic asthma (indoor=24.65%, outdoor=16.46%, food=14.31%) compared with controls (indoor=11.03%, outdoor=6.84%, food=5.83%). After adjustment for potential confounding variables, there was a dose–response relevance between the levels of allergen-specific IgE and allergic diseases (p trend <0.0001). The number of allergens to which a patient was sensitised increased the risk of allergic diseases (atopic dermatitis: highest adjusted OR=4.28, 95% CI 2.57 to 7.11; allergic rhinitis: highest adjusted OR=13.00, 95% CI 3.76 to 45.00; allergic asthma: OR=2.37, 95% CI 1.67 to 3.37).ConclusionThere was a dose–response relevance between levels of allergen-specific IgE and allergic diseases’ prevalence, and multiple sensitisations increased the risk of allergic diseases. This study provides evidence for the prophylaxis of allergic diseases.

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