Can Hediste diversicolor (Nereidae, Polychaete) be considered a good candidate in evaluating PAH contamination? A multimarker approach

Comparative Effects of Ingested PVC Micro Particles With and Without Adsorbed Benzo(a)pyrene vs. Spiked Sediments on the Cellular and Sub Cellular Processes of the Benthic Organism Hediste diversicolor

“…LMS is a regularly used sub lethal stress index acting as non-specific indicator of the adverse effects of pollutants in aquatic organisms (Viarengo et al, 2007). On the other hand, the capability of benzo(a)pyrene to alter the stability of the lysosomal membranes has been previously reported for unicellular, vertebrate and invertebrate marine organisms (Marigómez and Villacorta, 2003;Moore et al, 2006;Giannapas et al, 2012;Gomiero et al, 2012) including H. diversicolor (Catalano et al, 2012). Similar to the results of mitochondrial activity assessment, highest levels of LMS were observed in testing conditions where polychaete were exposed to high loadings of pre-spiked microplastics.…”

“…Benzo(a)pyrene like all polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is a well-known DNA strand breaks and micronuclei formation. Previous laboratory exposures with 0.1 and 0,5 mg/L B(a)P significantly induced DNA strand breaks and micronuclei formation in H. diversicolor (Catalano et al, 2012). Similar results were reported also by Sforzini et al (2012) after exposing earthworms to 0.1, 10, and 50 ppm of B(a)P. In our study, while magnitude of the strand breaks was comparable in organisms exposed to B(a)P spiked sediments and organisms exposed to sediments mixed with low concentrations of prespiked microplastics, significantly higher values were reported in ragworms exposed to high concentrations of pre-spiked microplastics.…”

“…The present investigation aimed at unveiling the contribution of ingesting microplastic vs. sediments as vectors for pollutants to the tissues as well as its derived ecotoxicological implications to aquatic organisms. The ragworm H. diversicolor was selected as candidate model organism as its biological responses to several different toxicants such as PaHs, heavy metals, surfactants, pharmaceuticals, engineered nanoparticles, etc., have been extensively investigated in the past (Catalano et al, 2012;Browne et al, 2013;Buffet et al, 2014a,b;Mouneyrac et al, 2014) and thus supporting its use both in laboratory and environmental monitoring worldwide (Mouneyrac et al, 2003;Durou et al, 2007;Gomes et al, 2013). Early studies with PAHs spiked sediments using Arenicola marina pointed out that the solubilisation of organic chemicals is significantly increased in the presence of digestive fluids compared to seawater alone, thus increasing their bioavailability (Voparil and Mayer, 2000).…”

“…Micronuclei frequency (Mn), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and enzymatic antioxidant catalase (CAT) activity were assessed according to Catalano et al (2012).…”

“…100 uL of cell suspension were incubated in humid chambers with 1 µM H2DCFDA in ASW for 15 min at RT in dark conditions following the general recommendation supplied with the manufacturer's protocol. LMS was evaluated by the Neutral Red Retention time assay as described by Catalano et al (2012) with minor modifications. Briefly, 50 µl of cell suspension was placed on a polylysinated glass slide in a dark humidity chamber.…”