Can Kidney Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder Be Detected in Voided Urine?

Cytological examination of urine sediment is a helpful diagnostic tool for identifying renal involvement by hematological malignancies. We present the case of a 47‐year‐old man who was diagnosed with extranodal B‐lymphoblastic lymphomas after presenting with gross hematuria as his first symptom. The presence of lymphoma cells in the urine led to a diagnosis confirmed through an immunophenotypic study using cell block sections of urine centrifuge sediment and core needle biopsy histology of the right renal pelvis mass. This case highlights the usefulness of a urine cytological study in diagnosing lymphoma involvement in the genitourinary tract. Furthermore, this paper reviews relevant literature on diagnosing lymphoma involvement from urine sediment.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal B‐lymphoblastic lymphoma with hematuria as the first symptom diagnosed in urine cytology: A case report and literature review

Xu,

Yang,

Wang

et al. 2024

“…The use of supplementary studies for diagnostic confirmation of lymphoma in urine samples has been reported: immunocytochemical stains performed in cell block sections 2 or cytospin, flow cytometry, and FISH 5 have been described. Although there appears to be no significant difference in immunocytochemical staining results based on preparation platform type (cell block, ThinPrep, cytospin, or direct smears), there is a suggestion of improved performance of nuclear markers on cell block preparations compared to ThinPrep .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most primary lymphomas involving the urinary tract are large B‐cell type, but essentially any type of lymphoma may occur. Only seven cases of Non‐Hodgkin lymphoma diagnosed by a combination of urine cytology and ancillary studies (either flow cytometry or immunocytochemistry) performed on urine samples have been reported . Herein, we describe a case of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) involving the urinary tract and diagnosed by urinary cytology, with confirmatory immunocytochemical stains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Urinary tract involvement of mantle cell lymphoma diagnosed by urine cytology

Hamele‐Bena

Gonzalez

2017

Urinary tract lymphoma is unusual, with the kidney being the most commonly reported site of involvement. Urinary bladder involvement by lymphoma is rare. Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a relatively uncommon type of lymphoma. Herein, we report a case of MCL of the urinary bladder diagnosed by urine cytology, with confirmatory immunocytochemical stains, which has not previously been reported in the literature.

“…There were a few previously reported cases of hematopoietic malignancies diagnosed by cytological examination of the urine specimens, such as: large cell anaplastic lymphoma, T‐cell granular lymphocyte leukemia, Burkitt's lymphoma of the bladder, diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma of the bladder, and kidney post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorder . Flow cytometry evaluations and immunohistochemical studies were used to increase sensitivity and accuracy of the diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myeloid leukemia in a urine specimen: A case report and review of the literature

McCroskey

Mehta

Wojcik

et al. 2013

Urinary tract cytology has a long history of utilization for the diagnosis and follow-up of tumors involving the urothelial tract. As expected, the most common tumor encountered in exfoliative urine cytology is urothelial carcinoma. While the sensitivity of urinary tract cytology for the diagnosis of low-grade urothelial carcinomas is low, its sensitivity and accuracy for high grade urothelial carcinomas is much higher. However, nonurothelial malignancies, such as hematopoietic malignancies, can also be encountered in urine specimens. Leukemic cells in urine can be diagnosed readily by cytological examination in cases where more invasive procedures are difficult to perform. Additionally, cell block sections can be utilized to determine the immunocytochemical profile of the tumor cells to confirm the diagnosis. Herein we report a case of a 75-year-old man with a past medical history of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), who presented with congested heart failure and painless macroscopic hematuria. AML relapse was diagnosed. Cytological examination of the urine using a ThinPrep® smear, cytospin preparation, and immunohistochemical stains performed on the cell block sections were examined. Findings were consistent with leukemic cells of myeloid origin in the bladder washing specimen.