Can mice be trained to discriminate urine odor of conspecifics with melanoma before clinical symptoms appear?

Kokocińska, Agata; Matalińska, Joanna; Sacharczuk, Mariusz; Sobczyńska, Magdalena; Góral-Radziszewska, Katarzyna; Wileńska, Beata; Misicka, Aleksandra; Jezierski, Tadeusz

doi:10.1016/j.jveb.2020.04.004

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Both compounds have been described in other studies involving mice [ 69 , 70 ] and were identified as markers of different diseases. For example, 6-methyl-heptan-3-one was found in higher relative proportions in the presence of mouse melanoma [ 17 , 71 ] and mouse lung cancer [ 72 ] at advanced stages of cancer development. 4-methyl-6-hepten-3-one was found to increase in the profiles of mice with melanoma and to decrease in those with lung cancer [ 72 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary VOCs as biomarkers of early stage lung tumour development in mice

Gouzerh,

Vigo,

Dormont

et al. 2024

Cancer Biomarkers

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BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is the primary cause of cancer-induced death. In addition to prevention and improved treatment, it has increasingly been established that early detection is critical to successful remission. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in urine that could help diagnose mouse lung cancer at an early stage of its development. METHODS: We analysed the VOC composition of urine in a genetically engineered lung adenocarcinoma mouse model with oncogenic EGFR doxycycline-inducible lung-specific expression. We compared the urinary VOCs of 10 cancerous mice and 10 healthy mice (controls) before and after doxycycline induction, every two weeks for 12 weeks, until full-blown carcinomas appeared. We used SPME fibres and gas chromatography – mass spectrometry to detect variations in cancer-related urinary VOCs over time. RESULTS: This study allowed us to identify eight diagnostic biomarkers that help discriminate early stages of cancer tumour development (i.e., before MRI imaging techniques could identify it). CONCLUSION: The analysis of mice urinary VOCs have shown that cancer can induce changes in odour profiles at an early stage of cancer development, opening a promising avenue for early diagnosis of lung cancer in other models.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary VOCs as biomarkers of early stage lung tumour development in mice

Gouzerh,

Vigo,

Dormont

et al. 2024

Cancer Biomarkers

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“…Mice were also tested to detect the cancer state of conspecifics (Matsumura et al, 2010;Kokocinska-Kusiak et al, 2020;Gouzerh et al, 2022b) and humans (Sato et al, 2017). For instance, in choice tests in a Y-maze, 14 mice showed impressive abilities, by detecting the cancer state (pre or post operation) of patients with bladder cancer 100% of the time.…”

Section: Mammalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The neglected potential of invertebrates in detecting disease via olfaction

2023

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Agents that cause disease alter the cell metabolism of their hosts. Cells with an altered metabolism produce particular profiles of biomolecules, which are different from those of healthy cells. Such differences may be detected by olfaction. Historically, physicians used olfactory cues to diagnose sickness by smelling the breath or the urine of patients. However, other species have been shown to possess excellent olfactory abilities. Dogs, for instance, have been frequently used as biodetectors of human diseases, including cancer, viral and bacterial infections. Other mammalian species, such as rats, have been trained to perform similar tasks, but their disease detection abilities remain poorly explored. Here, we focus on the overlooked potential of invertebrate species and we review the current literature on olfactory detection of diseases by these animals. We discuss the possible advantages of exploring further the abilities of invertebrates as detection tools for human disease.

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“…The sensitivity of canine olfaction is closely connected with the structure of their olfactory system, which is both quantitatively and qualitatively very different to that of humans (for example, dogs have more ORCs and a larger OB, allowing for enhanced sensitivity of odor detection) [ 99 , 100 ]. This is why it is difficult to predict exactly how dogs perceive their environment and how to adjust the techniques of human–dog cooperation to obtain the best results.…”

Section: The Use Of Canine Olfactory Skillsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine Olfaction: Physiology, Behavior, and Possibilities for Practical Applications

Kokocińska

Woszczyło

Zybala

et al. 2021

Animals

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Olfaction in dogs is crucial for gathering important information about the environment, recognizing individuals, making decisions, and learning. It is far more specialized and sensitive than humans’ sense of smell. Using the strength of dogs’ sense of smell, humans work with dogs for the recognition of different odors, with a precision far exceeding the analytical capabilities of most modern instruments. Due to their extremely sensitive sense of smell, dogs could be used as modern, super-sensitive mobile area scanners, detecting specific chemical signals in real time in various environments outside the laboratory, and then tracking the odor of dynamic targets to their source, also in crowded places. Recent studies show that dogs can detect not only specific scents of drugs or explosives, but also changes in emotions as well as in human cell metabolism during various illnesses, including COVID-19 infection. Here, we provide an overview of canine olfaction, discussing aspects connected with anatomy, physiology, behavioral aspects of sniffing, and factors influencing the olfactory abilities of the domestic dog (Canis familiaris).

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Can mice be trained to discriminate urine odor of conspecifics with melanoma before clinical symptoms appear?

Cited by 10 publications

References 46 publications

Urinary VOCs as biomarkers of early stage lung tumour development in mice

Urinary VOCs as biomarkers of early stage lung tumour development in mice

The neglected potential of invertebrates in detecting disease via olfaction

Canine Olfaction: Physiology, Behavior, and Possibilities for Practical Applications

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