Can ‘poor’ cities breathe: Responses to climate change in low-income countries

Choudhary, Bikramaditya K.; Tripathi, Arun Kumar; Rai, Jeetesh

doi:10.1016/j.uclim.2019.01.001

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, considering the signi cant disparities in the level of urban development and resource availability across nations, addressing UHI issues requires further research at national and international levels [32] . Urban areas in poorer countries face similar challenges as those in richer countries but are often confronted with additional challenges in dealing with climate change [33] . Societies with su cient resources and established institutions are able to adapt more effectively to climate risks that are constantly changing [34] , but capacity and foundational infrastructure for UHI adaptation are limited in the low-income countries [35] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Growing Threat of Global Urban Heat Island Effects in Lower-Middle- and Low-Income Countries

Yuan

Xu²,

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Urbanization has undergone significant growth in recent decades, but we still lack information regarding the disparity caused by the urban heat island (UHI) effect associated with urban development. Upon analyzing 4,832,660 urban grids worldwide from 2003 to 2018, we found that there is an uneven distribution in the growth of surface urban heat island intensity (SUHII) across countries in four distinct economic levels. The SUHII gradually decreased after 2006 and 2004 in high and upper-middle income groups, respectively. However, increasing trend was observed in the low and lower-middle income groups. Specifically, during the daytime, 27% of low-income regions exhibit a largest-scale net increasing trend, while the lower-middle-income group has the largest area (19.10%) with a net increasing trend during the nighttime. The growth rate of SUHII in high- and upper-middle-income country urban areas is close to the average urbanization level of these countries, but the growth rate of SUHII in lower-middle- and low-income country cities is much faster. Our findings highlight that urban areas in lower-middle- and low-income countries face more urgent UHI issues and require targeted interventions for mitigation. High- and upper-middle-income countries need shoulder greater responsibility in mitigating the UHI effects by offering technical expertise and guidance to economically disadvantaged nations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Growing Threat of Global Urban Heat Island Effects in Lower-Middle- and Low-Income Countries

Yuan

Xu²,

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Floods, droughts, extreme temperatures, and storms are of concern to people and institutions (Hardoy and Pandiella 2009) because urban authorities in developing countries are obliged to consider the challenges and contribution of disaster risk to their plans for poverty reduction and economic growth (Choudhary et al 2019). In this context, risk contributes a level of stress for vulnerable cities and populations that must make decisions facing many uncertainties (Hardoy and Pandiella 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The above is magnified by the conditions faced by cities located in the global south. (Choudhary et al 2019). Therefore, there is widespread concern about the current and future implications of disaster risk for urban areas in developing countries, where cities proliferate most rapidly, and a high proportion of urban populations are poor (Tyler and Moench 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most impoverished countries and poorest people are most vulnerable because of a lack of sufficient means to adapt, mitigate and prevent, signifying that damage and loss are unequally distributed (De Sherbinin et al 2007). One essential cause of disasters in developing cities is the uneven distribution of social and financial capital (Choudhary et al 2019). Moreover, in urban areas where the land available for housing is unaffordable for low-income groups, the choices for a location with low exposure to natural hazards are limited (Hardoy and Pandiella 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding Social and Environmental Hazards in Urban Areas: An Analysis from Barranquilla, Colombia

et al. 2021

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The present research aims to understand the challenges faced by a Colombian city in the context of multidimensional risk scenarios, given the existing demographic and socio-economic conditions and local perspectives and perceptions regarding socio-environmental risks. The research was undertaken in the city of Barranquilla, northern Colombia. A survey was designed to analyze (1) the general socio-economic and vulnerability conditions of a communities’ sample, (2) information related to hazards and disaster risk in their neighbourhoods, and (3) information on actions to mitigate risk. Three hundred and ninety-one people were surveyed. Likert scale and Pearson's Chi-square test and descriptive, inferential statistical methods, regression models, and the Mann–Whitney U test were used to process the results. Respondents lived, in general, under precarious socio-economic conditions (such as low income or lack of infrastructure and others). Given socio-environmental constraints, the research revealed that hazards such as urban stream flooding and robbery were the most negatively associated with the respondent’s quality of life. Regarding the actions to avoid losses, 84% of respondents had not implemented any preventive action. Respondents also have low awareness of the need to implement risk prevention actions. Social risks and the configuration of anthropic hazards stand out as principal centres for concern.

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“…Impacts such as sea level rise, flooding, and heat stress associated with extreme weather events are becoming common, negatively affecting lives, natural ecosystems, and the built environment [1,2]. Poor households within low-income settlements in developing countries are more vulnerable to these impacts, which involve livelihood stress, health hazards, and social and physical constraints affecting housing and infrastructure [3,4]. With urbanization and continued utilization of the coastal zone for human settlements, the need for climate adaptation and resilience is paramount.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Design Workshop’s Contribution to Climate Adaptation in Coastal Settlements in Nigeria

Adegun¹,

Olusoga²

2020

Urban Science

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With the growth in collaborative engagements for solutions to society’s complex problems, the role of co-designing to address climate change issues of low-income human settlements is becoming significant. This informed a design workshop/charette hosted at the Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria. Twenty-six young architects and urban planners worked with non-academic stakeholders from coastal communities in Igbokoda, Ondo State during the five-day event. Structural (building and neighborhood setting) and non-structural (programmatic) ideas for climate adaptation and resilient housing in the low-income coastal communities were outcomes of the collaborative work. This paper reports and draws lessons from the process and outcomes of the design workshop/charette. The outcomes were well-received by the stakeholders and follow-up projects have since been conceived. This thus affirms the value of collaborative approach towards exploring and co-producing solutions in the era of a changing climate.

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Can ‘poor’ cities breathe: Responses to climate change in low-income countries

Cited by 17 publications

References 30 publications

The Growing Threat of Global Urban Heat Island Effects in Lower-Middle- and Low-Income Countries

The Growing Threat of Global Urban Heat Island Effects in Lower-Middle- and Low-Income Countries

Understanding Social and Environmental Hazards in Urban Areas: An Analysis from Barranquilla, Colombia

A Design Workshop’s Contribution to Climate Adaptation in Coastal Settlements in Nigeria

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