Can silicon carbide serve as a saturable absorber for passive mode-locked fiber lasers?

Cheng, Chih-Hsien; Lin, Gong‐Ru; Chen, Ting-Hui; Chen, Hsiang‐Yu; Chi, Yu‐Chieh; Lee, Chao-Kuei; Wu, Chih‐I

doi:10.1038/srep16463

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…The smallest decrease of reflectance was observed for the DLC:Si film containing 12 at.% of Si, and the largest one for the film containing 29.7 at.% Si. It should be mentioned that C/Si ratio (1.82) for DLC:Si film containing 29.7 at.% of silicon was nearly the same (1.83) as reported by Cheng et al [25] for carbonenriched SiC film, which exhibited saturable absorption effect.…”

Section: Optical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 79%

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Diamond Like Carbon Films Containing Si: Structure and Nonlinear Optical Properties

et al. 2020

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In the present research diamond-like carbon (DLC) films containing 4–29 at.% of silicon were deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering of carbon target. Study by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the presence of Si–C bonds in the films. Nevertheless, a significant amount of Si–O–C and Si–Ox bonds was present too. The shape of the Raman scattering spectra of all studied diamond-like carbon containing silicon (DLC:Si) films was typical for diamond-like carbon. However, some peculiarities related to silicon doping were found. Studies on the dependence of DLC:Si of the optical transmittance spectra on the Si atomic concentration have shown that doping by silicon affects linear, as well as nonlinear, optical properties of the films. It is shown that the normalized reflectance of DLC:Si films decreased with the increased exciting light fluence. No clear relation between the normalized reflectance and photoexcited charge carrier relaxation time was found. It was suggested that that the normalized reflectance decrease with fluence can be related to nonlinear optical properties of the hydrogenated diamond-like carbon phase in DLC:Si film.

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Section: Optical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 79%

“…There are two possible explanations of the different nonlinear properties in these films with nearly identical C/Si atomic concentration ratio. On one hand, in the present study a larger amount of oxygen was found in the DLC:Si film, in comparison with study by Cheng et al [25]. It was 16.49 and 2.1 at.%.…”

Section: Optical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 61%

Diamond Like Carbon Films Containing Si: Structure and Nonlinear Optical Properties

et al. 2020

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“…Taking into account the properties mentioned above, the DLC nanocomposite films with embedded plasmonic Au, Ag, or Cu nanoparticles seem to be a prospective material for fabrication of the saturable absorbers. Having in mind the role of diamond-like carbon or graphite-like carbon particles in the absorbance self-saturation effect described in [25], one can expect tunable properties of DLC with embedded metallic nanoparticles. However, despite very intensive and numerous investigations on DLC films and DLC nanocomposites containing Au, Ag, or Cu, nonlinear optical properties including the saturable absorption effect of this material have not been systematically studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Saturable Absorption and Reverse-Saturable Absorption Effects in Diamond-Like Carbon Films with Embedded Copper Nanoparticles

et al. 2019

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Nonlinear optical properties (self-saturable absorption and reverse-saturable absorption) of diamond-like carbon films with variable amounts of embedded copper nanoparticle (DLC:Cu) films deposited by high power pulse magnetron sputtering were studied in dependence on deposition conditions. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to study elemental composition and He ion microscopy to study changes of the size, shape, and concentration of the Cu nanoparticles deposited using different pulse currents as well as argon and acetylene gas ratios. Raman scattering spectra of DLC:Cu films studied were typical of diamond-like carbon (including the films with a high Cu atomic concentration where it was up to 60 atom % and carbon atomic concentration was less than 20 atom %). In all cases, in the absorption spectra of DLC:Cu films, the surface plasmon resonance-related peak was recorded. The position of the plasmonic peak for all the deposited nanocomposite films was in a 590–620 nm range. For the samples containing lower amounts of copper, reverse-saturable absorption was found. Transient optical absorption measurements have shown that the reverse-saturable absorption is typical for the samples with a lower relaxation time. The longer relaxation times recorded during transient optical absorption measurements correlated with the presence of the saturable absorption effect. For DLC:Cu samples containing 58–62 atom % Cu, some optical inhomogeneities were observed. The samples in different places demonstrated either saturable absorption or reverse-saturable absorption. The presence of both saturable and reverse-saturable absorption effects in the same sample is explained by the lateral inhomogeneities of the DLC:Cu films.

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“…Recently, the novel demonstration of a passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) based on a nonstoichiometric silicon carbide (Si x C 1−x ) saturable absorber has been reported14. In particular, the authors have shown that when the C/Si composition ratio is increased to 1.83, the dominant absorption of the Si x C 1−x film changes from two-photon absorption (TPA) to nonlinear saturable absorption, and the corresponding TPA value falls to ~3.9 × 10 −6 cm/W.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersion of nonresonant third-order nonlinearities in Silicon Carbide

Leonardis¹,

Soref

Passaro³

2017

Sci Rep

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In this paper we present a physical discussion of the indirect two-photon absorption (TPA) occuring in silicon carbide with either cubic or wurtzite structure. Phonon-electron interaction is analyzed by finding the phonon features involved in the process as depending upon the crystal symmetry. Consistent physical assumptions about the phonon-electron scattering mechanisms are proposed in order to give a mathematical formulation to predict the wavelength dispersion of TPA and the Kerr nonlinear refractive index n2. The TPA spectrum is investigated including the effects of band nonparabolicity and the influence of the continuum exciton. Moreover, a parametric analysis is presented in order to fit the experimental measurements. Finally, we have estimated the n2 in a large wavelength range spanning the visible to the mid-IR region.

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Can silicon carbide serve as a saturable absorber for passive mode-locked fiber lasers?

Cited by 13 publications

References 46 publications

Diamond Like Carbon Films Containing Si: Structure and Nonlinear Optical Properties

Diamond Like Carbon Films Containing Si: Structure and Nonlinear Optical Properties

Self-Saturable Absorption and Reverse-Saturable Absorption Effects in Diamond-Like Carbon Films with Embedded Copper Nanoparticles

Dispersion of nonresonant third-order nonlinearities in Silicon Carbide

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