Can the dissociative PTSD subtype be identified across two distinct trauma samples meeting caseness for PTSD?

Hansen, Maj; Műllerová, Jana; Elklit, Ask; Armour, Chérie

doi:10.1007/s00127-016-1235-2

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In contrast to the majority of previously conducted LCA and LPA studies of D-PTSD (Hansen et al, 2017) including the only other study of whiplash patients and D-PTSD (Hansen, Müllerová, et al, 2016), we were not able to identify the D-PTSD. Of note the samples included in the previous whiplash study, and the present study are very different.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

“…At the same time, the lack of positive results is unlikely to be attributed to the specific measurement of D-PTSD in the present study. Indeed, the HTQ and the TSC have been used in other studies which have identified the dissociative subtype (Armour, Elklit, Lauterbach, & Elhai, 2014;Hansen, Müllerová et al, 2016). Furthermore, the D-PTSD has been identified across several studies with only two-three items assessing dissociation as in the present study (cf.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Indeed, very different periods of time had passed since the traumatic exposure in the present sample (3 months) and the previous whiplash study (several years). At the same time, in the sample used in the Hansen, Müllerová et al (2016) study, 15% of the victims had more than one whiplash trauma and half of the sample had also sustained other physical injuries. In comparison with the present whiplash sample, no one had sustained other physical injuries or previous whiplash traumas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Of note to the best of our knowledge there has only been one study of D-PTSD in the context of patients suffering from whiplash (Hansen, Müllerová, Elklit, & Armour, 2016;Hansen et al, 2017). found an estimated D-PTSD prevalence rate of 37.4 % in victims of motor vehicle accidents meeting caseness for PTSD (M = 5,17 years after traffic accident).…”

Section: Ptsd Subtypes Following Whiplashmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the existence of dissociative PTSD in sub-acute patients of whiplash

Hansen

Armour²,

Andersen

2018

Journal of Trauma & Dissociation

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Numerous studies investigating dissociative posttraumatic stress disorder (D-PTSD) have emerged. However, there is a lack of studies investigating D-PTSD following a wider range of traumatic exposure. Thus, the present study investigates D-PTSD using latent class analysis (LCA) in sub-acute patients of whiplash and associated risk factors. The results of LCA showed a three-class solution primarily distributed according to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity and thus no indication of D-PTSD. Dissociative symptoms, psychological distress (i.e. anxiety/depression), and pain severity significantly predicted PTSD severity. Combined, the results support the component model of dissociation and PTSD, while still stressing the importance of dissociative symptoms when planning treatment for PTSD.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Ptsd Subtypes Following Whiplashmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Assessing the existence of dissociative PTSD in sub-acute patients of whiplash

Hansen

Armour²,

Andersen

2018

Journal of Trauma & Dissociation

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“…Adults with complete missing data on all questionnaire items (n = 11; 2.3% of the sample) were excluded. Three alternative PTSD networks were estimated in stages, using items from across the HTQ and TSC (see Table 1): (a) Network 1: DSM-5 (21 items), (b) Network 2: DSM-5 with dissociation (23 items, as per Hansen, Műllerová, Elklit, and Armour, 2016), and (c) Network 3: ICD-11 CPTSD (12 items, as per Cloitre et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Network Analysis of Posttraumatic Stress Experiences of Adults Seeking Psychological Treatment for Childhood Sexual Abuse

McBride

Murphy

Elklit

2019

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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Network analysis proposes that mental disorders may best be construed as causal systems embodied in networks of functionally interconnected symptoms. We employed network analysis to test how adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) experienced symptoms of posttraumatic stress, using alternative conceptualizations of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Given the characteristics of the sample (i.e., the nature of and time since trauma), we hypothesized that (a) symptoms related to arousal would not be prominent in the networks and (b) symptoms related to negative alternations in cognition and mood (NACM) would be core components in the network. Danish adults seeking psychological treatment for CSA (n = 473) completed the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire and Trauma Symptom Checklist. Three alternative models (DSM‐5, DSM‐5 with dissociation, and ICD‐11 complex PTSD [CPTSD]) were estimated using regularized partial correlation models. In the DSM‐5 network, strong associations emerged for experiences of NACM (blame and guilt) and intrusions (thoughts and flashbacks). The addition of “depersonalization” and “derealization” to the DSM‐5 model produced a strong association, but these experiences were largely unrelated to other PTSD clusters. In the CPTSD network, interpersonal problems and negative self‐concept were central to the survivors’ experiences. For this highly‐specific survivor group who experienced traumatic CSA many years ago, experiences related to NACM appeared to be more central to the posttrauma experience than those of arousal. If replicated, these findings could help inform treatment plans for specific groups of survivors. Methodological implications as to the usefulness of network models in the psychopathological research literature are discussed.

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Assessing the structure and meaningfulness of the dissociative subtype of PTSD

Ross

Baník

Dědová

et al. 2017

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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PurposeStudies conducted in the USA, Canada and Denmark have supported the existence of the dissociative PTSD subtype, characterized primarily by symptoms of depersonalization and derealization. The current study aimed to examine the dissociative PTSD subtype in an Eastern European, predominantly female (83.16%) sample, using an extended set of dissociative symptoms.MethodsA latent profile analysis was applied to the PTSD and dissociation data from 689 trauma-exposed university students from Slovakia.ResultsFour latent profiles of varying PTSD and dissociation symptomatology were uncovered. They were named non-symptomatic, moderate PTSD, high PTSD and dissociative PTSD. The dissociative PTSD profile showed elevations on depersonalization and derealization, but also the alternative dissociative indicators of gaps in awareness and memory, sensory misperceptions and cognitive and behavioural re-experiencing. The core PTSD symptoms of ‘memory impairment’ and ‘reckless or self-destructive behaviour’ were also significantly elevated in the dissociative PTSD profile. Moreover, anxiety and anger predicted membership in the dissociative PTSD profile.ConclusionThe results provide support for the proposal that the dissociative PTSD subtype can be characterized by a variety of dissociative symptoms.

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Can the dissociative PTSD subtype be identified across two distinct trauma samples meeting caseness for PTSD?

Abstract: The results are discussed in light of their clinical implications and suggest that the dissociative subtype can be identified in victims of incest and victims of MVA suffering from whiplash meeting caseness for DSM-5 PTSD.

Cited by 23 publications

References 53 publications

Assessing the existence of dissociative PTSD in sub-acute patients of whiplash

Assessing the existence of dissociative PTSD in sub-acute patients of whiplash

Network Analysis of Posttraumatic Stress Experiences of Adults Seeking Psychological Treatment for Childhood Sexual Abuse

Assessing the structure and meaningfulness of the dissociative subtype of PTSD

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