Can Three‐Dimensional Visualization Technologies be More Effective than Cadavers for Dental Anatomy Education?

Three‐Dimensional Tooth Models with Pulp Cavity Enhance Dental Anatomy Education

“…Noninvasive digital imaging techniques represented by 3D‐printed models are gradually being implemented in dental education (Chan et al, 2004; Kato and Ohno, 2009; Chytas et al, 2020; Lugassy et al, 2021). Three‐dimensional printing differs from subtractive and formative manufacturing, as the object is fabricated automatically by adding materials layer‐after‐layer, to form a 3D volumetric structure (Dawood et al, 2015).…”

“…Three‐dimensional tooth model‐based digital libraries have been shown to interest students and benefit the learning experience (Lone et al, 2019). However, most studies regarding computer‐based 3D tooth models did not evaluate the effect on students' academic achievements after the use of these models (Chytas et al, 2020). Furthermore, most 3D tooth model‐based digital libraries only focus on tooth morphology, but ignore the pulp canal system (de Boer et al, 2013; Lone, et al, 2019).…”

3D and 4D printing in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery: Printing techniques, materials, and applications

“…This manufacturing scheme enables rapid creation of custom-based complex parts, made it an applicable solution in developing self-growing robots [2]. Additive manufacturing is represented by technologies such as stereolithography, fused deposition modeling, selective laser sintering, inkjet printing, photopolymer jetting and powder binder printing [3][4][5][6][7][8]. Different materials, e.g., polymers, composites, ceramics, and metal alloys, are employed for additive manufacturing [9,10].…”