Canadian House Dust Study: Population-based concentrations, loads and loading rates of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel, lead, and zinc inside urban homes

Rasmussen, Pat E.; Lévesque, Christine; Chénier, Marc; Gardner, H. David; Jones-Otazo, Heather; Petrovic, Sanya

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.003

Cited by 142 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The metal loadings in the dust samples decreased as follows: Mn > Cu > Sr > Pb > Cr > Sb > As > Cd ≈ V. Thus, Mn and Cu were the metals found with the highest mean loadings, namely 65 and 43 µg·m −2 , respectively. The median loadings are similar to those reported by Glorennec et al [7] and Rasmussen et al [23] for floor dust in homes across France and Canada, respectively, with the exception of As loadings. In the present study, median As loadings were around four times higher (2.7 µg·m −2 ) than the As loadings found in homes, both in France (<LOQ) and Canada (0.7 µg·m…”

Section: Allergenssupporting

confidence: 87%

Exposure Assessment of Allergens and Metals in Settled Dust in French Nursery and Elementary Schools

et al. 2015

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Abstract:The aim of this study was to characterise the contamination in settled dust in French classrooms and to provide an overview of the influencing factors of dust contamination. Cat, dog and dust mite allergens and metals were measured in 51 classrooms at 17 schools. The concentrations of pet allergens in settled dust were generally low (mean value of 0.1 µg·g −1 ), with carpeted and rug-covered floors presenting higher dust and cat allergen concentrations. The highest metal loadings in dust were observed for manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu), while the lead (Pb) loadings were lower (16 ± 19 µg·m −2) and fell below the French guideline. Higher metal leachability was found for cadmium (Cd), Cu, Pb and strontium (Sr) at values of approximately 80%, which suggest that, in cases of dust ingestion by children, a large proportion should be assimilated through the gastro-intestinal tract. The intra-classroom and intra-school variabilities of the metal concentrations in settled dust were lower than the variability between schools. Classrooms with tiled floors had higher Pb loadings than classrooms with wood or vinyl floors. In addition, wet cleaning less than once a week resulted in greater loadings of Cu and Pb in the settled dust. Lastly, enrichment factors showed that metals in settled dust of classrooms were not only from the contribution of the natural background concentrations in soils.

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Section: Allergenssupporting

confidence: 87%

Exposure Assessment of Allergens and Metals in Settled Dust in French Nursery and Elementary Schools

et al. 2015

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“…Additionally, we acknowledge that by categorizing the exposure concentrations into quartiles, we reduced statistical power in our analysis; however, we determined that the sample size of 2489 census tracts provided enough power to sufficiently perform our analyses. We were also unable to assess individual indoor exposures to metals (i.e., household dust), which influences exposure risk based on individual behaviors (Rasmussen et al 2013). However, previous sources have indicated that air concentrations serve as logical estimates of metal exposures (Payne-Sturges et al 2004).…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism spectrum disorder prevalence and associations with air concentrations of lead, mercury, and arsenic

Dickerson

Rahbar

Bakian

et al. 2016

Environ Monit Assess

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Lead, mercury, and arsenic are neurotoxicants with known effects on neurodevelopment. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder apparent by early childhood. Using data on 4486 children with ASD residing in 2489 census tracts in five sites of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network, we used multi-level negative binomial models to investigate if ambient lead, mercury, and arsenic concentrations, as measured by the US Environmental Protection Agency National-Scale Air Toxics Assessment (EPA-NATA), were associated with ASD prevalence. In unadjusted analyses, ambient metal concentrations were negatively associated with ASD prevalence. After adjusting for confounding factors, tracts with air concentrations of lead in the highest quartile had significantly higher ASD prevalence than tracts with lead concentrations in the lowest quartile (prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.36; 95 '% CI: 1.18, 1.57). In addition, tracts with mercury concentrations above the 75th percentile (>1.7 ng/m(3)) and arsenic concentrations below the 75th percentile (≤0.13 ng/m(3)) had a significantly higher ASD prevalence (adjusted RR = 1.20; 95 % CI: 1.03, 1.40) compared to tracts with arsenic, lead, and mercury concentrations below the 75th percentile. Our results suggest a possible association between ambient lead concentrations and ASD prevalence and demonstrate that exposure to multiple metals may have synergistic effects on ASD prevalence.

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“…Additionally, the EFs for these metals and Ba were < 2, which indicate no or minimal pollution or enrichment. Based on these strong correlation coefficients and minimal EFs, the major origin of these metals is expected to be exterior soil or dust that enter homes via wind and human activities with no or minimal contribution from non-crustal sources (Edwards et al, 1998;Rasmussen et al, 2013).…”

Section: Pearson's Correlation Coefficient and Ef Analyses For Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, enrichment of settled house dust with Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pd, and Zn has been mainly linked to trafficrelated activities including combustions emissions and wear of tires and brakes (Al-Rajhi et al, 1996;Jaradat et al, 2004;Rashed, 2008;Nor et al, 2012;Canha et al, 2015). In addition to external sources, building furnishing and decorative supplies (e.g., paint, woodwork, and carpet), cooling and humidification devices, and by-products of combustion materials (e.g., coal, wood, kerosene, oil, and smoking) are known internal contributors to the interior dust metal content (Rasmussen et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2013). Table 5 shows a statistical summary of the elements loading rates of the dust samples while the elements loading rates for the entire group of samples are listed in SI Table S5.…”

Section: Pearson's Correlation Coefficient and Ef Analyses For Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2), where all of the experimental work was carried out. well as those resulted from industrial, agricultural, or natural sources (Kumar et al, 2013;Rasmussen et al, 2013). In the Middle East region, a major external source of indoor pollution is soil or dust particles that are loaded naturally or anthropogenically with hazardous chemicals and settle down in indoor environments (Al-Dabbous and Kumar, 2014;Tsiouri et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Loading Rates of Dust and Metals in Residential Houses of Arid and Dry Climatic Regions

Shraim

Alenazi

Abdel‐Salam

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Dust samples were collected from 38 naturally ventilated houses for 12 weeks. Effects of three variables in two groups each were evaluated: proximity to traffic density (main-and side-roads), cigarettes smoking (smoking and no-smoking), and houses' age (old and new). No significant differences were identified between the two groups for all variables (p = 0.227-0.247). The average dust loading rate for the entire group was 66.7 ± 30.9 mg m -2 week -1 . The average metal concentrations (µg g -1 ) for the entire group were 58.7 ± 17.4 for V, 53.8 ± 12.7 (Cr), 473 ± 137 (Mn), 9.68 ± 2.83 (Co), 130 ± 52.1 (Cu), 241 ± 65.3 (Sr), 0.827 ± 0.552 (Cd), 324 ± 143 (Ba), and 58.9 ± 28.9 for Pb. Likewise, the average metal loading rates (µg m -2 week -1) for the entire group were: 4.01 ± 2.41 for V, 3.62 ± 1.97 (Cr), 31.9 ± 18.3 (Mn), 0.662 ± 0.387 (Co), 8.57 ± 5.30 (Cu), 16.3 ± 9.23 (Sr), 0.051 ± 0.034 (Cd), 21.1 ± 12.4 (Ba), and 3.97 ± 2.74 for Pb. We noticed enrichment factors (EF) of less than 2 and strong correlations between V, Cr, Mn, Co, and Sr indicating their crustal origin. Conversely, Pb, Cu, and Cd showed low to moderate correlations together with moderate to significant EF suggesting anthropogenic pollution of non-crustal origins. Despite the scarcity of rain fall and arid environment in the studied area, our dust and metal loading rates can be considered as intermediate when compared to some international cities. Such a finding could be attributed to the absence of major industries and the relatively low traffic density in our study area.

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Canadian House Dust Study: Population-based concentrations, loads and loading rates of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel, lead, and zinc inside urban homes

Cited by 142 publications

References 35 publications

Exposure Assessment of Allergens and Metals in Settled Dust in French Nursery and Elementary Schools

Exposure Assessment of Allergens and Metals in Settled Dust in French Nursery and Elementary Schools

Autism spectrum disorder prevalence and associations with air concentrations of lead, mercury, and arsenic

Loading Rates of Dust and Metals in Residential Houses of Arid and Dry Climatic Regions

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