Cancer cell micronucleus: an update on clinical and diagnostic applications

Bhatia, Alka; Kumar, Yashwant

doi:10.1111/apm.12033

Cited by 69 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…The presence of chromatin condensation observed in the nuclei is indicative of apoptosis, which is well substantiated by an increase in apoptotic cells (9). The nuclear envelope was intact, which may be correlated well with the decrease in the formation of micronuclei as observed by the micronucleus assay (13). A number of vacuoles decreased and the microvilli arrangement showed order signifying the protective role played by the phytochemicals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Ultrastructural changes during lung carcinogenesis-modulation by curcumin and quercetin

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2016

Oncology Letters

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The aim of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of curcumin and quercetin in modulating ultrastructural changes during lung carcinogenesis. A total of 24 male laka mice were divided into the normal control, benzo[a]pyrene (BP)-treated, BP+curcumin-treated, BP+quercetin- treated, and BP+curcumin+quercetin-treated groups (n=6 per group). Lung carcinogenesis was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of BP [100 mg/kg of body weight (b.wt.)]. Curcumin was supplemented to mice at a dose level of 60 mg/kg of b.wt. in drinking water and quercetin was given at a dose level of 40 mg/kg of b.wt. in drinking water. The ultrastructure of BP-treated mice revealed disruptions in cellular integrity together with nuclear deformation and premature mitochondrial aging. Notably, supplementation with phytochemicals individually resulted in improvement of the ultra-histoarchitecture of BP-treated mice although the improvement was much greater with combined supplementation of phytochemicals. Furthermore, BP treatment revealed alterations in lung histoarchitecture, which, however, were improved appreciably following combined supplementation with curcumin and quercetin. The results of the present study show that, combined supplementation with curcumin and quercetin effectively preserved the histoarchitecture as well as ultra-histoarchitecture during BP-induced lung carcinogenesis in mice.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Ultrastructural changes during lung carcinogenesis-modulation by curcumin and quercetin

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2016

Oncology Letters

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“…MN is a small round/oval nucleus not connected to the main nucleus. It contains whole chromosome or chromosomal fragment (17,18). Potential mechanisms that lead to MN formation include chromosomal breakage, dysfunction of mitotic apparatus, and defect in mitotic spindles (3,19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased micronucleus count predicts malignant behavior in pleural e usion uid

2018

Turk J Med Sci

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Background/aim: Micronucleus (MN) frequency is used as a biomarker of chromosomal damage, genome instability, and cancer risk. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of MN frequency to differentiate between malignant and benign pleural effusion samples.Materials and methods: Retrospectively, 78 pleural fluid cytology samples (including 20 cases of benign reactive mesothelial cells, 22 cases of suspicious cytology, and 36 cases of malignant cytology) were examined. The number of micronucleated cells in 1000 wellpreserved cells was counted. Statistical tests were performed to compare the study groups. Recover operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was performed to suggest a cut-off value for predicting malignant behavior. Results:We evaluated a total of 78 cases of pleural effusion cytology. The number of micronucleated cells was significantly higher in cases with malignant outcome compared to cases with benign outcome. We observed that malignant samples had more micronucleated cells than suspicious ones, and suspicious cases had more micronucleated cells than reactive ones. There was a significant difference among all study groups. In addition, the frequency of MN-containing cells in suspicious cases correlates well with their outcomes. Conclusion:The results of this study reveal that there is an absolute, consistent, and proportional relationship between MN counts and malignancy in cytological samples of pleural effusions. MN scoring may be a helpful diagnostic tool for distinguishing malignant effusions from benign ones, and may be used as an adjunct tool to predict malignant behavior in challenging cases.

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“…The usefulness of micronuclei in distinguishing malignant lesions from benign lesions using cytological specimens has been well clariied [41][42][43]. A micronucleus is the small nucleus that forms whenever a chromosome or its fragment is not incorporated into one of the daughter nuclei during cell division and it serves as an indicator of CIN.…”

Section: Morphological Markers Of Chromosomal Instabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%