Cancer diagnostics: current concepts and future perspectives

Montagnana, Martina; Lippi, Giuseppe

doi:10.21037/atm.2017.06.20

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A profound and accurate knowledge of cancer epidemiology provides essential information on possible causes and population trends of these conditions, thus making it possible to establish timely and appropriate health-care interventions aimed at developing efficient policies for prevention, screening, and diagnosis [1]. Since cancer epidemiology always needs good quality information for establishing reliable health-care policies worldwide, in this brief report, we provide a concise overview on current cancer epidemiologic data garnered from the official databases of the World Health Organization (WHO) and American Cancer Society (ACS) in the attempt of providing updated information on frequency, mortality, and survival expectancy of the 15 leading types of cancers worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Cancer Epidemiology

Mattiuzzi¹,

Lippi²

2019

JEGH

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523

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In this brief report, we offer a concise overview on current cancer epidemiology garnered from the official databases of World Health Organization and American Cancer Society and provide recent information on frequency, mortality, and survival expectancy of the 15 leading types of cancers worldwide. Overall, cancer poses the highest clinical, social, and economic burden in terms of cause-specific Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) among all human diseases. The overall 0-74 years risk of developing cancer is 20.2% (22.4% in men and 18.2% in women, respectively). A total number of 18 million new cases have been diagnosed in 2018, the most frequent of which are lung (2.09 million cases), breast (2.09 million cases), and prostate (1.28 million cases) cancers. Beside sex-specific malignancies, the ratio of frequency between men and women is >1 for all cancers, except thyroid (i.e., 0.30). As concerns mortality, cancer is the second worldwide cause of death (8.97 million deaths) after ischemic heart disease, but will likely become the first in 2060 (~18.63 million deaths). Lung, liver, and stomach are the three most deadly cancers in the general population, while lung and breast cancers are the leading causes of cancer related-mortality in men and women, respectively. Prostate and thyroid cancers have the best prognosis, with 5-year survival ~100%, while esophagus, liver, and especially pancreas cancers have the worst prognosis, typically <20% at 5 years. We hope that this report will provide fertile ground for addressing health-care interventions aimed at preventing, diagnosing, and managing cancer around the world.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Cancer Epidemiology

Mattiuzzi¹,

Lippi²

2019

JEGH

Self Cite

1,034

523

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“…The best sampling rate of the instrument was 1 Hz (one measurement per sec); each measurement lasted one minute; thus, the total values obtained for each run were 60, with a measurement frequency of 1 Hz. All data were normalized values, presented as the mean of the absolute (ABS) value of the control (plain cell culture medium) minus the absolute value of cells, for both cases (treated or untreated with 5-FU ± SD), as shown in Equation (5). Significance testing in comparisons was based on Student's T-tests for pairs, and p values < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering secondary prophylaxis measures, sophisticated processes are required to detect possible cellular disorders at the very earliest stages of the disease's incubation period, taking into account the dependence of the timeliness with which the disease is detected [4]. Due to the fact that many cancer diagnostic methods combined with radiological, surgical biopsy, and pathological assessments of tissue samples based on immunohistochemical and morphological characteristics [5] are time-consuming, invasive, and complicated, and require rigorous laboratory conditions, new cancer detection methods are being developed which are minimally invasive, more reliable, cheaper, and easier to use [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioelectrical Analysis of Various Cancer Cell Types Immobilized in 3D Matrix and Cultured in 3D-Printed Well

et al. 2019

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Cancer cell lines are important tools for anticancer drug research and assessment. Impedance measurements can provide valuable information about cell viability in real time. This work presents the proof-of-concept development of a bioelectrical, impedance-based analysis technique applied to four adherent mammalian cancer cells lines immobilized in a three-dimensional (3D) calcium alginate hydrogel matrix, thus mimicking in vivo tissue conditions. Cells were treated with cytostatic agent5-fluoruracil (5-FU). The cell lines used in this study were SK-N-SH, HEK293, HeLa, and MCF-7. For each cell culture, three cell population densities were chosen (50,000, 100,000, and 200,000 cells/100 μL). The aim of this study was the extraction of mean impedance values at various frequencies for the assessment of the different behavior of various cancer cells when 5-FU was applied. For comparison purposes, impedance measurements were implemented on untreated immobilized cell lines. The results demonstrated not only the dependence of each cell line impedance value on the frequency, but also the relation of the impedance level to the cell population density for every individual cell line. By establishing a cell line-specific bioelectrical behavior, it is possible to obtain a unique fingerprint for each cancer cell line reaction to a selected anticancer agent.

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“…Its current contribution is minimal for the diagnosis, at least compared to that provided by pathology and radiology, since it is almost limited to assessment of a narrow number of biomarkers such as prostate specific antigen (PSA) for prostate cancer screening, human papilloma virus (HPV) molecular diagnostics for the screening of cervical cancer, or faecal occult blood test (FOBT) for colorectal cancer screening (46)(47)(48). The vast majority of other molecular or phenotypic biomarkers that can be measured in routine clinical laboratories are instead used for disease monitoring and for guiding prognostic and therapeutic decisions (49). Unlike other class of pathologies, integrated diagnostics is already a strong realism in cancer diagnostics, whereby almost each and every guideline or recommendation include a discrete number of laboratory, pathology and radiology investigations (50).…”

Section: Integrated Diagnostics In Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated diagnostics

Lippi

Plebani

2020

Biochem. med. (Online)

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The current scenario of in vitro and in vivo diagnostics can be summarized using the “silo metaphor”, where laboratory medicine, pathology and radiology are three conceptually separated diagnostic disciplines, which will increasingly share many comparable features. The substantial progresses in our understanding of biochemical-biological interplays that characterize many human diseases, coupled with extraordinary technical advances, are now generating important multidisciplinary convergences, leading the way to a new frontier, called integrated diagnostics. This new discipline, which is currently defined as convergence of imaging, pathology and laboratory tests with advanced information technology, has an enormous potential for revolutionizing diagnosis and therapeutic management of human diseases, including those causing the largest number of worldwide deaths (i.e. cardiovascular disease, cancer and infectious diseases). However, some important drawbacks should be overcome, mostly represented by insufficient information technology infrastructures, costs and enormous volume of different information that will be integrated and delivered. To overcome these hurdles, some specific strategies should be defined and implemented, such as planning major integration of exiting information systems or developing innovative ones, combining bioinformatics and imaging informatics, using health technology assessment for assessing cost and benefits, providing interpretative comments in integrated reports, developing and using expert systems and neural networks, overcoming cultural and political boundaries for generating multidisciplinary teams and integrated diagnostic algorithms.

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Cancer diagnostics: current concepts and future perspectives

Cited by 21 publications

References 18 publications

Current Cancer Epidemiology

Current Cancer Epidemiology

Bioelectrical Analysis of Various Cancer Cell Types Immobilized in 3D Matrix and Cultured in 3D-Printed Well

Integrated diagnostics

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