Cancer incidence and cancer control in <scp>M</scp>ongolia: Results from the <scp>N</scp>ational <scp>C</scp>ancer <scp>R</scp>egistry 2008–12

Chimed, Tuvshinjargal; Sandagdorj, Tuvshingerel; Znaor, Ariana; Laversanne, Mathieu; Tseveen, Badamsuren; Purevsuren, Genden; Bray, Freddie

doi:10.1002/ijc.30463

Cited by 63 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In most high‐risk HCC areas (China, Eastern Africa), the key determinants are chronic HBV infection and aflatoxin exposure, whereas in other countries (Japan, Egypt), HCV infection is likely the predominant cause. In Mongolia, HBV and HCV virus and coinfections of HBV carriers with HCV or hepatitis δ virus, as well as alcohol abuse, all contribute to the high burden . The rising obesity prevalence is considered a contributory factor to the observed increasing incidence of HCC in low‐risk HCC areas …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Mongolia, HBV and HCV virus and coinfections of HBV carriers with HCV or hepatitis δ virus, as well as alcohol abuse, all contribute to the high burden. 54 The rising obesity prevalence is considered a contributory factor to the observed increasing incidence of HCC in low-risk HCC areas. 55 Primary prevention of the majority of liver cancer cases has been feasible through a vaccine against HBV since 1982, and future benefits of this vaccine will accrue as younger generations vaccinated in childhood reach the ages where liver cancer becomes common.…”

Section: Liver Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries

Bray

Ferlay

Soerjomataram

et al. 2018

CA A Cancer J Clinicians

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51,720

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This article provides a status report on the global burden of cancer worldwide using the GLOBOCAN 2018 estimates of cancer incidence and mortality produced by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, with a focus on geographic variability across 20 world regions. There will be an estimated 18.1 million new cancer cases (17.0 million excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) and 9.6 million cancer deaths (9.5 million excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) in 2018. In both sexes combined, lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer (11.6% of the total cases) and the leading cause of cancer death (18.4% of the total cancer deaths), closely followed by female breast cancer (11.6%), prostate cancer (7.1%), and colorectal cancer (6.1%) for incidence and colorectal cancer (9.2%), stomach cancer (8.2%), and liver cancer (8.2%) for mortality. Lung cancer is the most frequent cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among males, followed by prostate and colorectal cancer (for incidence) and liver and stomach cancer (for mortality). Among females, breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death, followed by colorectal and lung cancer (for incidence), and vice versa (for mortality); cervical cancer ranks fourth for both incidence and mortality. The most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death, however, substantially vary across countries and within each country depending on the degree of economic development and associated social and life style factors. It is noteworthy that high-quality cancer registry data, the basis for planning and implementing evidence-based cancer control programs, are not available in most low- and middle-income countries. The Global Initiative for Cancer Registry Development is an international partnership that supports better estimation, as well as the collection and use of local data, to prioritize and evaluate national cancer control efforts. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians 2018;0:1-31. © 2018 American Cancer Society.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Liver Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries

Bray

Ferlay

Soerjomataram

et al. 2018

CA A Cancer J Clinicians

Self Cite

69,934

238

51,720

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recent data from the International Agency for Research on Cancer show that 83% of PLC cases occur in countries in economic transition, with China accounting for >50% of the world's burden . The highest incidence rates in the world occur in Mongolia, with the disease contributing almost two fifths of the total cancer burden in the country …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1) The highest incidence rates in the world occur in Mongolia, with the disease contributing almost two fifths of the total cancer burden in the country. (2,3) Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 75%-85% of PLC cases and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) for 10%-15%, while the residual cases include other rare types. (4)(5)(6) An accurate estimate of the incidence of PLC by subtype is obscured by difficulties in detecting and definitively diagnosing it.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Projections of primary liver cancer to 2030 in 30 countries worldwide

et al. 2017

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Our reporting of a projected increase in PLC incidence to 2030 in 30 countries serves as a baseline for anticipated declines in the longer term through the control of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections by vaccination and treatment; however, the prospect that rising levels of obesity and its metabolic complications may lead to an increased risk of PLC that potentially offsets these gains is a concern. (Hepatology 2017).

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The Burden of Primary Liver Cancer and Underlying Etiologies From 1990 to 2015 at the Global, Regional, and National Level

Akinyemiju¹,

Abera²,

Ahmed³

et al. 2017

JAMA Oncol

1,596

788

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Global Burden of Disease Liver Cancer Collaboration IMPORTANCE Liver cancer is among the leading causes of cancer deaths globally. The most common causes for liver cancer include hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and alcohol use.OBJECTIVE To report results of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2015 study on primary liver cancer incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 195 countries or territories from 1990 to 2015, and present global, regional, and national estimates on the burden of liver cancer attributable to HBV, HCV, alcohol, and an "other" group that encompasses residual causes.DESIGN, SETTINGS, AND PARTICIPANTS Mortality was estimated using vital registration and cancer registry data in an ensemble modeling approach. Single-cause mortality estimates were adjusted for all-cause mortality. Incidence was derived from mortality estimates and the mortality-to-incidence ratio. Through a systematic literature review, data on the proportions of liver cancer due to HBV, HCV, alcohol, and other causes were identified. Years of life lost were calculated by multiplying each death by a standard life expectancy. Prevalence was estimated using mortality-to-incidence ratio as surrogate for survival. Total prevalence was divided into 4 sequelae that were multiplied by disability weights to derive years lived with disability (YLDs). DALYs were the sum of years of life lost and YLDs.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Liver cancer mortality, incidence, YLDs, years of life lost, DALYs by etiology, age, sex, country, and year. RESULTS There were 854 000 incident cases of liver cancer and 810 000 deaths globally in 2015, contributing to 20 578 000 DALYs. Cases of incident liver cancer increased by 75% between 1990 and 2015, of which 47% can be explained by changing population age structures, 35% by population growth, and −8% to changing age-specific incidence rates. The male-to-female ratio for age-standardized liver cancer mortality was 2.8. Globally, HBV accounted for 265 000 liver cancer deaths (33%), alcohol for 245 000 (30%), HCV for 167 000 (21%), and other causes for 133 000 (16%) deaths, with substantial variation between countries in the underlying etiologies.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Liver cancer is among the leading causes of cancer deaths in many countries. Causes of liver cancer differ widely among populations. Our results show that most cases of liver cancer can be prevented through vaccination, antiviral treatment, safe blood transfusion and injection practices, as well as interventions to reduce excessive alcohol use. In line with the Sustainable Development Goals, the identification and elimination of risk factors for liver cancer will be required to achieve a sustained reduction in liver cancer burden. The GBD study can be used to guide these prevention efforts.

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Cancer incidence and cancer control in Mongolia: Results from the National Cancer Registry 2008–12

Cited by 63 publications

References 33 publications

Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries

Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries

Projections of primary liver cancer to 2030 in 30 countries worldwide

The Burden of Primary Liver Cancer and Underlying Etiologies From 1990 to 2015 at the Global, Regional, and National Level

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